Pale Horse Pest Control

Cholera in the UK and Bristol

simonberenyi@gmail.com (Simon Berenyi) — Thu, 12 Jun 2025 10:27:09 GMT

Cholera in the UK and Bristol

History, Current Status, and the Role of Rat Control in Disease Prevention

Cholera, a waterborne bacterial infection caused by Vibrio cholerae, has left a significant mark on the United Kingdom’s public health history, particularly during the 19th century. While it no longer poses a significant threat in the UK due to modern sanitation, its historical impact, especially in cities like Bristol, underscores the importance of maintaining robust public health measures.

This article explores cholera’s history in the UK and Bristol , its current status, and how rat control services, such as those provided by Pale Horse Pest Control in Bristol , contribute to reducing disease transmission risks.

It also offers five practical steps to minimise rodent-borne infections and guidance on seeking help for suspected infections, drawing on scientific sources and Health and Safety Executive (HSE) insights.

History of Cholera in the UK and Bristol

Cholera first struck the UK in 1831 during the second global pandemic, originating in India’s Ganges delta and spreading through trade routes to Europe. Known as “Asiatic cholera” to distinguish it from other gastrointestinal illnesses, it caused widespread fear due to its rapid onset and high mortality.

Major outbreaks occurred in 1831-1832, 1848-1849, 1853-1854, and 1866, with urban areas suffering the most due to poor sanitation and contaminated water supplies. In 1854 alone, 23,000 people died in the UK, highlighting the disease’s devastating impact.

In Bristol, cholera outbreaks were particularly severe. During the 1848-1849 epidemic, the city experienced relatively high mortality compared to other towns of similar size, as noted in historical analyses (PMC). This was largely due to Bristol’s inadequate water supply, described as the most deficient among English towns of comparable size in the 1844 Health of Towns report.

Contaminated water sources, often polluted by sewage, facilitated the spread of Vibrio cholerae, leading to significant loss of life. The work of public health pioneers like John Snow, who in 1854 traced a London outbreak to a contaminated water pump, spurred reforms that improved water and sanitation systems across the UK, including Bristol. By the late 19th century, these advancements, coupled with the Public Health Acts of 1848 and 1875, significantly reduced cholera’s prevalence (National Archives).

Current Status of Cholera in the UK

Today, cholera is extremely rare in the UK, including Bristol, due to robust water treatment and sanitation systems. The UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) reports that cholera does not occur naturally in the UK, with cases primarily linked to travellers returning from endemic regions such as parts of Africa, Asia, and the Americas (GOV.UK).

In 2023, only 12 confirmed cases were reported across the EU/EEA, all associated with travel to cholera-affected areas (ECDC). The risk for UK residents is minimal, but travellers to high-risk areas are advised to practice good hygiene, avoid untreated water and undercooked food, and consider vaccination if visiting remote regions without medical access (NHS).

Aspect - Details - Current Prevalence

Rare, primarily travel-related cases

Risk Groups

Travellers to endemic areas, emergency workers

Prevention

Hygiene, safe water, and vaccination for high-risk travel

Health and Safety Executive (HSE) Guidance

The Health and Safety Executive (HSE), Britain’s national regulator for workplace health and safety, focuses on preventing work-related death, injury, and illness. While cholera is not typically an occupational disease in the UK due to its rarity, the HSE’s guidance on water-related hazards and biological agents is relevant.

Under the Control of Substances Hazardous to Health (COSHH) regulations, employers in high-risk sectors like waste management or water treatment must assess risks from biological agents, including waterborne pathogens.

The HSE emphasises maintaining hygiene standards, using protective equipment, and controlling environmental hazards like rodents, which can indirectly contribute to water contamination (HSE).

For cholera specifically, the UKHSA provides detailed public health guidance, recommending that workers in high-risk environments ensure clean water sources and practice rigorous hygiene.

Role of Rat Control in Disease Prevention

Although cholera is primarily waterborne, not directly rodent-borne, rats can contribute to environmental contamination by spreading pathogens through their faeces, potentially affecting water sources.

Rats are known carriers of diseases like leptospirosis, salmonellosis, and hantavirus, which can be transmitted via contact with their urine, faeces, or bites. By maintaining sanitation and controlling rat populations, the risk of such contamination is reduced, indirectly supporting efforts to prevent waterborne diseases like cholera.

Pale Horse Pest Control, a British Pest Control Association (BPCA)-accredited service in Bristol, plays a vital role in this effort. With nearly 20 years of experience, their team uses humane and effective methods to manage rat infestations.

They focus on identifying and sealing entry points, avoiding traditional baiting methods that can lead to recurring issues. Their services include comprehensive inspections and tailored pest management plans for homes and businesses, ensuring long-term prevention.

By reducing rat populations, Pale Horse Pest Control helps maintain sanitary conditions, minimising the risk of disease transmission. Contact them at Pale Horse Pest Control or call 0117 369 9909 for professional assistance.

Five Practical Steps to Reduce Rodent-Borne Infections

To minimise the risk of rodent-borne infections, individuals can adopt the following measures:

Maintain Cleanliness

Regularly clean food preparation areas and remove food debris to deter rats.

Secure Food Storage

Store food in rodent-proof containers and ensure garbage is securely contained and disposed of regularly.

Seal Entry Points

Inspect and seal gaps or holes in homes and buildings using materials like steel wool, wire mesh, or caulk.

Reduce Clutter

Clear indoor and outdoor clutter to eliminate hiding spots for rats, keeping yards and storage areas tidy.

Engage Professional Pest Control

Use services like Pale Horse Pest Control for regular inspections and effective rat management.

These steps, supported by scientific and HSE guidance, help reduce the risk of diseases transmitted by rodents. Learn more about their Bristol Rat Control services

Seeking Help for Suspected Infections

If you suspect cholera, characterised by severe diarrhoea, vomiting, and dehydration, seek medical attention immediately. Contact your general practitioner (GP) or call NHS 111 for advice.

In cases of severe dehydration or other complications, call 999 for emergency services. Inform healthcare providers of any recent travel to cholera-endemic areas to ensure accurate diagnosis and prompt treatment with antibiotics or rehydration therapy.

For rodent-borne diseases like leptospirosis, symptoms may include fever, muscle aches, or gastrointestinal issues.

Consult a healthcare professional, providing details of possible exposure to rats or contaminated environments. Early intervention is critical for effective treatment (NHS).

Summary

Cholera’s historical impact on the UK, particularly in Bristol, highlights the importance of sanitation and public health measures. While the disease is now rare in the UK due to advanced water treatment, maintaining vigilance through practices like rat control remains crucial for overall health.

Pale Horse Pest Control in Bristol supports these efforts by effectively managing rat populations, reducing the risk of environmental contamination. By following the outlined preventive steps and seeking prompt medical help when needed, individuals can protect themselves from cholera and rodent-borne infections, ensuring a safer living environment.

Key Citations :

Cholera as a ‘sanitary test’ of British cities, 1831–1866
Cholera: guidance, data and analysis
Cholera worldwide overview
Cholera information from NHS
Coping with Cholera - The National Archives
Case Study: Cholera - BBC Bitesize
Pest Control in Bristol | Pale Horse Pest Control
Health and Safety Executive - GOV.UK

Leptospirosis & Weil's Disease

simonberenyi@gmail.com (Simon Berenyi) — Thu, 12 Jun 2025 05:17:20 GMT

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Leptospirosis: Understanding the Disease, Prevention, and Rat Control in Bristol

Leptospirosis or Weil's Disease is a bacterial infection caused by Leptospira species, a zoonotic pathogen transmitted primarily through the urine of infected animals, such as rats, dogs, and livestock.

While relatively rare in the UK, it poses significant health risks, ranging from mild flu-like symptoms to severe, potentially life-threatening conditions like Weil’s disease.

This article explores the nature of leptospirosis, its symptoms, transmission, and prevention strategies, drawing on scientific sources and guidance from the Health and Safety Executive (HSE). It also highlights the role of Pale Horse Pest Control in Bristol in mitigating the risk through effective rat control, provides five practical steps to reduce infection likelihood, and outlines how to seek help if infection is suspected.

What is Leptospirosis?

Leptospirosis is a zoonotic bacterial infection caused by Leptospira interrogans and related species, which reside in the kidneys of infected animals and are excreted in their urine.

The bacteria can survive in water or soil for weeks to months, posing a persistent environmental hazard. Humans contract the disease through direct or indirect contact with contaminated urine, water, or soil.

According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), globally, an estimated one million severe cases occur annually, resulting in approximately 58,900 deaths, though it is less common in temperate regions like the UK.

Symptoms

The clinical presentation of leptospirosis varies widely:

Mild Cases : Many individuals experience no symptoms or mild flu-like symptoms, including fever, headache, chills, muscle aches, vomiting, diarrhoea, and rash. These typically resolve within a week.
Severe Cases (Weil’s Disease) : Approximately 10% of cases progress to severe illness, characterised by jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes, which may be harder to detect on darker skin tones), kidney failure, meningitis, liver damage, respiratory distress, and haemorrhage. When the lungs are involved, mortality rates can reach 50-70% if untreated.

Treatment

Early treatment is critical to prevent severe outcomes. Antibiotics such as doxycycline, penicillin, or ceftriaxone are effective, particularly when administered promptly.

Mild cases can often be managed by a general practitioner (GP) with oral antibiotics, while severe cases may require hospitalisation and intravenous antibiotics. Taking paracetamol or ibuprofen can help alleviate symptoms like fever and pain (NHS Leptospirosis).

Transmission of Leptospirosis

Leptospirosis is primarily transmitted through contact with urine from infected animals or environments contaminated by their urine. Common transmission routes include:

Skin Contact : Bacteria enter through cuts, abrasions, or water-weakened skin.
Mucous Membranes : Contact with the eyes, nose, or mouth can facilitate infection.
Ingestion : Drinking contaminated water is another pathway.
Rare Routes : Transmission via sexual contact or mother’s milk is possible but uncommon, and human-to-human transmission is extremely rare (PAHO Leptospirosis).

High-risk activities include swimming, kayaking, or fishing in contaminated rivers, canals, or floodwaters, particularly after heavy rainfall, which can increase bacterial spread.

Occupational groups such as farmers, veterinarians, sewer workers, and construction workers face elevated risks due to frequent exposure to animals or contaminated environments (ECDC Factsheet).

Health and Safety Executive (HSE) Guidance

The Health and Safety Executive (HSE) provides targeted guidance for workers at risk of leptospirosis, particularly those in occupations involving contact with rats or contaminated water.

According to the HSE’s “Leptospirosis: are you at risk?” (INDG84), the disease is a notable occupational hazard in the UK, though rare. Key recommendations include:

Risk Assessment : Employers must assess risks under the Control of Substances Hazardous to Health (COSHH) regulations, which classify Leptospira as a biological agent.
Protective Measures : Workers should wear protective clothing (gloves, boots, eyewear) and practice good hygiene, such as thorough handwashing and covering cuts with waterproof dressings.
Rodent Control : Controlling rat populations in work environments is critical to reducing exposure to infected urine.
Prompt Action : Workers showing symptoms should seek immediate medical attention to prevent progression to severe illness (HSE Leptospirosis).

The HSE emphasises that employers in high-risk industries, such as construction and agriculture, should implement safe work practices to minimise exposure, including regular workplace inspections and pest control measures.

Role of Pale Horse Pest Control in Bristol

Rats are a primary vector for Leptospira bacteria, and their presence in residential or commercial areas significantly increases the risk of leptospirosis. Pale Horse Pest Control, a British Pest Control Association (BPCA)-accredited service based in Bristol, offers specialised rat control solutions to mitigate this risk. Their services include:

Entry Point Identification and Sealing : Pale Horse Pest Control focuses on finding and sealing rat entry points, preventing infestations in homes and businesses.
Humane and Effective Methods : Unlike traditional baiting methods, they prioritise exclusion techniques, which are cost-effective and humane, reducing the need for ongoing treatments.
Comprehensive Pest Management : In addition to rats, they address other pests like mice and squirrels, which can also contribute to disease spread.
Tailored Inspections : Their highly trained technicians provide customised pest control plans, ensuring long-term prevention (Pale Horse Pest Control).

By reducing rat populations and preventing their access to properties, Pale Horse Pest Control helps eliminate a key source of Leptospira contamination, thereby lowering the risk of leptospirosis in Bristol and surrounding areas. To book an inspection, contact them at 0117 369 9909 or via their contact page.

Five Practical Steps to Reduce Infection Risk

To minimise the likelihood of contracting leptospirosis, individuals can take the following proactive measures:

Avoid Contaminated Water

Refrain from swimming, wading, or engaging in water sports in rivers, canals, or floodwaters that may be contaminated with animal urine, especially after heavy rainfall.

Wear Protective Gear

Use gloves, waterproof boots, and protective eyewear when working in environments with potential exposure to rat urine or contaminated water, such as in agriculture or sewage work.

Practice Good Hygiene

Wash hands thoroughly with soap and water after handling animals, working outdoors, or contacting potentially contaminated surfaces. Cover cuts and abrasions with waterproof dressings.

Control Rodent Populations

Seal entry points in homes and workplaces, store food securely, and engage professional pest control services like Pale Horse Pest Control to eliminate rats and prevent reinfestation.

Vaccinate Pets

Ensure pets, particularly dogs, are vaccinated against leptospirosis, especially if they roam outdoors or in areas with high rodent activity. Consult a veterinarian for appropriate vaccines.

These steps, supported by scientific and HSE guidance, can significantly reduce the risk of infection (CDC Leptospirosis, HSE Leptospirosis).

Seeking Help for Suspected Infection

If you suspect you have been exposed to leptospirosis, prompt action is essential, as symptoms can appear 2 to 30 days after exposure. Here’s what to do:

Contact Your GP : For mild symptoms like fever, headache, or muscle aches, visit your GP and inform them of any potential exposure to contaminated water or animals. They may prescribe antibiotics such as doxycycline or amoxicillin.

Emergency Services : If you experience severe symptoms, such as jaundice, difficulty breathing, severe pain, or signs of organ failure, call 999 immediately for emergency medical attention.

NHS 111 : For non-emergency advice, call NHS 111 or use the NHS 111 online service to get guidance on next steps.

Provide Exposure History : Inform healthcare providers about any recent contact with potentially contaminated water, soil, or animals to ensure accurate diagnosis and timely treatment.

Early intervention with antibiotics can significantly reduce the severity and duration of the illness, making prompt medical attention critical (NHS Leptospirosis).

Summary

Leptospirosis is a serious but preventable bacterial infection that poses a risk in environments contaminated by animal urine, particularly from rats. By understanding its symptoms, transmission routes, and prevention strategies, individuals can take proactive steps to protect themselves.

The Health and Safety Executive provides essential guidance for high-risk workers, emphasising protective measures and rodent control. In Bristol, Pale Horse Pest Control offers expert rat control services, reducing the risk of Leptospira contamination through humane and effective methods.

By following the five prevention steps outlined above and seeking prompt medical help if infection is suspected, individuals can safeguard their health and maintain a safer living and working environment.

Key Citations :

Leptospirosis Overview by the Centres for Disease Control and Prevention
Leptospirosis Factsheet by the World Health Organisation
Leptospirosis and Weil’s Disease Guidance by the Health and Safety Executive
Pale Horse Pest Control Services in Bristol
Leptospirosis Information by National Health Service
Leptospirosis Factsheet by European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control
Leptospirosis Overview by the Pan American Health Organisation

The History, Types, and Failures of Clay Pipes in the UK: Understanding Rat Infestations

simonberenyi@gmail.com (Simon Berenyi) — Thu, 12 Jun 2025 04:00:09 GMT

Clay Pipes In The UK and Bristol

Discover why clay pipes fail and allow rats into your home

Clay pipes have been a cornerstone of the United Kingdom’s drainage infrastructure for centuries, serving as a reliable solution for managing water and waste. Their durability and chemical resistance have made them a preferred choice since at least the 19th century, with some systems dating back to Roman times.

However, as these pipes age, they can become susceptible to failure, creating vulnerabilities that let rats invade homes and businesses . This article explores the history and types of clay pipes in the UK, examines how they fail, and delves into the connection between these drain failures and rat infestations . It also includes a detailed comparison of vitrified clay pipes and salt glaze pipes, highlighting their advantages and disadvantages, and offers insights into prevention and solutions.

History of Clay Pipes in the UK

The use of clay pipes for drainage in the UK likely began during the Roman occupation around 43 AD, when advanced engineering techniques facilitated water and waste management through clay, lead, and aqueduct systems. However, their widespread adoption occurred in the 19th century during the Victorian era, a time of significant sanitation reform driven by public health crises like cholera.

Vitrified clay pipes, fired at high temperatures to create a hard, impermeable surface, became the standard due to their durability and the abundance of clay as a raw material.

Victorian engineers crafted these pipes with precision, using imperial measurements and thick walls (often half an inch) to ensure longevity. Many of these pipes, installed in the 19th and early 20th centuries, remain functional today, underscoring their robust construction.

By the mid-20th century, while materials like plastic gained popularity, clay pipes continued to be used, particularly for larger sewer systems and in regions favouring traditional methods.

Today, millions of properties in cities that include Bristol, Bath and London still rely on clay pipe drainage systems, some over a century old, highlighting their enduring reliability.

Types of Clay Drainage Pipes

Clay drainage pipes come in various types, each designed for specific applications. The following table summarises the main types and their uses:

Type - Description - Primary Use - Diameter Range

Vitrified Clay Pipes (VCP)

Fired at high temperatures for durability and chemical resistance

Sewer and drainage systems

100mm–600mm

Perforated Clay Pipes

Feature holes to allow water infiltration while excluding soil

Land drainage, subsoil drainage

100mm–300mm

Channel Pipes

Half-section pipes for open drainage systems

Surface water drainage, roadways

100mm–300mm

Fluted Clay Pipes

Have external grooves for easier handling and added strength

Traditional drainage systems

Varies

Vitrified Clay Pipes (VCP):

The most common type, VCPs are fired at high temperatures to create a hard, impermeable surface. They are highly resistant to chemicals and abrasion, making them ideal for sewer systems in residential, commercial, and industrial settings. Available in sizes from 100mm to 600mm, they meet standards like BS EN295.

Perforated Clay Pipes:

Designed with holes along their length, these pipes allow water to seep in while keeping soil out. They are primarily used for land drainage in agricultural fields or subsoil drainage around buildings to prevent waterlogging.

Channel Pipes:

These half-section pipes are used for surface water drainage, often in roadways or open drainage systems. They facilitate efficient water flow and allow easy access for maintenance.

Fluted Clay Pipes:

Featuring external grooves or flutes, these pipes are easier to handle and install. Though less common today, they were historically significant in traditional drainage systems and are now often repurposed for decorative garden applications.

Each type leverages clay’s inherent properties, such as longevity and environmental sustainability, making them suitable for diverse drainage needs.

Vitrified Clay Pipes vs. Salt Glaze Pipes: Advantages and Disadvantages

Vitrified clay pipes (VCP) and salt glaze pipes are both types of clay pipes, but their manufacturing processes and properties differ, impacting their performance.

VCPs are made by firing clay at around 2000°F (1100°C) to create a dense, non-porous structure, offering a lifespan of up to 100 years or more. They are highly resistant to chemical erosion, making them ideal for sewer systems, and are environmentally friendly due to their natural materials.

Their strength allows them to withstand high loads, reducing damage during installation or under traffic. However, VCPs are brittle and can break under excessive pressure or ground movement, are heavy and fragile, making transport and handling costly, and are susceptible to root intrusion if not maintained.

Salt glaze pipes, a subset of VCPs, involve adding salt during firing to form a glassy, impermeable surface, enhancing chemical resistance and flow efficiency due to a smoother interior.

This glazing provides additional protection against moisture and aggressive substances. However, the salt glazing process is more complex and potentially costlier, and these pipes remain brittle and heavy, sharing VCPs’ installation challenges.

Modern VCPs often forgo salt glazing, as advanced clay and shale blends achieve similar impermeability without it.

How Clay Pipes Fail

Despite their durability, clay pipes can fail due to several factors:

Ageing and Wear : Over the decades, pipes may crack or break under stress from traffic or weather.
Root Intrusion : Tree roots can penetrate joints or cracks, causing blockages or structural damage.
Ground Movement : Soil shifts from construction or natural causes can misalign or fracture pipes.
Poor Installation : Inadequate bedding or jointing can lead to premature failure.
Chemical Attack : Prolonged exposure to aggressive substances may degrade even vitrified clay in rare cases

These failures result in leaks, blockages, and vulnerabilities that compromise the drainage system’s functionality and create entry points for pests.

Rat Infestations Through Failed Clay Pipes

Rats are highly adaptable and can exploit small defects in drainage systems to access properties. Failed clay pipes provide ideal pathways:

Cracks and Gaps : Rats can squeeze through openings as small as 10mm.
Misaligned Joints : Poorly fitted pipes leave gaps that rats can navigate.
Damaged Traps : Broken U-bends or seals allow rats to travel into buildings.
Blockages : Debris like fatbergs, formed from fats, oils, and grease, attract rats, providing food.

Rats can climb vertical pipes, reaching lofts or other areas, posing health risks like leptospirosis and causing structural damage through gnawing and nesting.

Preventing and Addressing Rat Infestations

To mitigate risks, property owners should adopt proactive measures:

Regular Inspections : Use CCTV surveys to detect pipe damage early.
Rat Guards : Install devices like rat flaps to block entry while allowing water flow.
Maintain Traps : Ensure U-bends and seals are intact.
Professional Services : Engage pest control and drainage experts for comprehensive solutions.
Prompt Repairs : Address cracks, misalignments, or blockages quickly to prevent escalation.

By combining these strategies, property owners can maintain clay pipe systems and minimise rat infestation risks.

Hantavirus in UK Rats & Mice | Pale Horse Pest Control

simonberenyi@gmail.com (Simon Berenyi) — Sun, 08 Jun 2025 18:27:45 GMT

Hantavirus in UK Rats and Mice

Hantavirus: Prevalence, Transmission, Risks, and Pest Control

Hantaviruses are a group of rodent-borne viruses that pose a public health concern due to their potential to cause serious illnesses in humans. In the UK, while human infections are rare, the presence of hantavirus, particularly Seoul virus (SEOV), in rat populations underscores the importance of effective pest control.

Let's take a look at the prevalence of hantavirus in rats and mice in the UK, how it is transmitted, the risks it poses to humans and pets, and how pest control can mitigate these risks, drawing on scientific data and research.

Prevalence of Hantavirus in UK Rodents

Hantaviruses are carried by various rodent species, including rats and mice, with the Seoul virus (SEOV) being the primary strain in the UK, hosted by brown rats ( Rattus norvegicus ) and black rats ( Rattus rattus ). Research indicates varying prevalence across different rodent populations:

Pet and Breeding Colonies: Studies show a high prevalence in pet rat populations, particularly in breeding colonies. For example, in private breeding colonies in Wales and South England, SEOV prevalence ranged from 33% to 100%, depending on the testing method (e.g., RNA PCR or serology) (Public Health England, 2016). Commercial rat farms and households with pet rats reported rates of 48–67%, likely due to close contact in enclosed spaces.

Wild Rodents: Prevalence in wild rats varies by region. In Northern Ireland, 21.6% of brown rats and 28.8% of house mice ( Mus domesticus ) were seropositive for hantavirus (Patient.info, 2024). In Yorkshire, 50% of brown rats tested positive for SEOV, while in North-western England, no rats or mice tested positive for hantavirus RNA, though a novel Tatenale virus was found in 13% of field voles (Microtus agrestis) (Pounder et al., 2013).

Other Rodents: Wood mice ( Apodemus sylvaticus ) showed low prevalence (0.03% in Northern Ireland), and bank voles ( Myodes glareolus ) had no detectable hantavirus in some studies. Puumala virus (PUUV), common in Europe, is not present in the UK, but a variant has been detected in rodent populations (Patient.info, 2024).

Since 2012, 11 confirmed human cases of hantavirus infection have been reported in the UK, with nine linked to pet rats or rats bred for reptile feeding, indicating a higher risk in domestic settings (Public Health England, 2016).

Transmission of Hantavirus

Hantaviruses are primarily transmitted to humans through inhalation of aerosolised particles from rodent urine, droppings, or saliva. When these materials dry and are disturbed, such as during cleaning or sweeping, virus particles can become airborne and inhaled.

Less commonly, transmission occurs through direct contact with infected rodents (e.g., handling pet rats) or bites, though bites are rare (GOV.UK). In homes with rodent infestations, the risk of exposure increases due to potential contamination of living spaces, particularly in areas like kitchens, attics, or basements where rodents are active.

Risks to Humans and Pets

Hantavirus infections in humans can cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS), characterised by fever, muscle pain, headaches, abdominal pain, and, in severe cases, kidney failure. While HFRS has a low fatality rate in the UK, severe cases may require hospitalisation (Patient.info, 2024).

The psychological impact of infestations and health concerns can also be significant, causing stress and anxiety. Pets, such as cats and dogs, may be exposed to hantavirus by hunting or coming into contact with infected rodents. Although specific data on hantavirus in UK pets is limited, their exposure to rodent-borne pathogens like leptospirosis or Salmonella suggests a potential risk. Infected pets could theoretically spread contaminated materials, increasing household risks.

Importance of Pest Control

Pest control is critical in reducing hantavirus risks by eliminating rodent populations and preventing their access to homes. Effective strategies include:

Exclusion: Sealing entry points, such as gaps in walls, doors, or pipes, to prevent rodents from entering.

Sanitation: Removing food sources (e.g., unsecured garbage, pet food) and maintaining clean environments to deter rodents.

Trapping and Removal: Using humane traps to capture and remove rodents, avoiding reliance on baits that may lead to dead rodents in inaccessible areas.

Professional Services: For severe infestations, Pale Horse Pest Control ensures safe and thorough removal, often using integrated pest management techniques.

Proper decontamination of infested areas, using disinfectants and ventilation, further reduces the risk of virus transmission.

Mitigating Risks in Homes

For households with rodent problems, the following steps can mitigate hantavirus risks:

Avoid Direct Contact: Wear gloves and masks when cleaning areas with rodent droppings or urine to prevent inhalation or skin contact.

Ventilate Spaces: Open windows and doors to disperse aerosolised particles before cleaning.

Thorough Cleaning: Use disinfectants to clean contaminated surfaces and dispose of materials in sealed bags.

Professional Help: Engage pest control experts for severe infestations to ensure complete rodent removal and decontamination.

Educate Family: Inform household members about the risks of hantavirus and safe cleaning practices.

Protect Pets: Keep pets away from areas infested with rodents and monitor them for signs of illness, ensuring regular veterinary check-ups.

Summary

Hantavirus, particularly SEOV, is present in UK rat populations, with higher prevalence in pet and breeding colonies than in wild rodents. Transmission through aerosolised rodent excreta poses risks to humans, causing HFRS, and potentially to pets through contact with infected rodents.

Effective pest control, including exclusion, sanitation, and professional intervention, is essential to minimise these risks. By taking proactive measures, households can protect themselves, their families, and their pets from hantavirus and other rodent-borne diseases.

Stop Rats Nesting in Your Bristol Garden This Spring | Pale Horse

simonberenyi@gmail.com (Simon Berenyi) — Wed, 21 May 2025 22:31:10 GMT

How to Stop Rats Nesting in Your Garden in Bristol This Spring

Rats In Your Garden

Spring in Bristol brings vibrant gardens to life. But it also attracts rats seeking food, water, and shelter.

Decking, kitchen gullies, pet food, spilt bird feed, and ponds draw rats, especially in hot or dry weather.

This guide offers practical steps to stop rats from nesting in your Bristol garden, tailored for homeowners in Redland, Clifton, and Bedminster.

For persistent issues, Pale Horse Pest Control provides expert rat control in Bristol . Their eco-friendly services ensure your garden stays rat-free. Let’s explore how to protect your outdoor space this spring

Why Rats Target Bristol Gardens

Rats, particularly the common brown rat, thrive in Bristol’s urban setting. Spring is a peak breeding season, with rats seeking nesting sites. Gardens with decking, compost bins, and water features are prime targets.

Bristol’s terraced homes, common in Easton and St George, allow rats to move easily. Shared boundaries create pathways between properties.

Hot weather or dry spells drive rats to seek water, increasing garden activity.

Preventing Rats Under Decking

Decking provides rats with shelter and protection. To prevent nesting, take these steps:

Seal gaps under decking with wire mesh or concrete.
Check foundations in Bristol’s older homes for vulnerabilities.
Remove clutter like leaves or wood piles under the decking. These provide nesting materials for rats.
Install metal sheeting or gravel around decking edges.
Gravel reduces moisture, deterring rats in Bristol’s damp climate.
Inspect regularly for droppings, gnaw marks, or burrows.

Early detection prevents established nests.

In Bristol’s humid spring, ensure decking areas are well-ventilated. This reduces damp conditions that attract rats.

Securing Food Sources

Rats are drawn to accessible food in gardens. To secure food sources, follow these tips:

Clean kitchen gullies weekly with disinfectant.
Install rat guards to block food waste access in Clifton’s older homes.
Store pet food in airtight, rodent-proof containers.
Remove uneaten pet food promptly, especially in pet-heavy Bedminster.
Use spill-proof bird feeders and clean up seeds daily.
Position feeders on high poles to deter rats.
Secure compost bins with tight-fitting lids.
Avoid adding meat, dairy, or cooked food.
Consider rat-proof bins with solid bases.
Sprinkle peppermint oil or cayenne pepper around food areas for natural deterrence.

Managing Water Sources

Rats need water daily, especially in hot or dry weather. During Bristol’s spring dry spells, garden water sources become critical.

Cover ponds with fine netting to limit rat access.
Clean water features regularly to remove debris.
Empty plant pots, buckets, or wheelbarrows that collect rainwater.
Rats can survive on small amounts of standing water.
Install aerators in ponds to keep water moving.
Rats prefer still water, so check for leaks creating puddles.

In neighbourhoods like Bedminster, where ponds are popular, vigilance is key. Monitor water features closely during dry spells. Regular maintenance reduces attraction for thirsty rats.

General Garden Maintenance

A tidy garden is less inviting to rats. Bristol’s small, shared-boundary gardens need extra care.

Trim grass, hedges, and shrubs to eliminate hiding spots.
Overgrown fences in St Pauls or Totterdown are rat pathways.
Clear debris like old furniture or leaf piles.
Store items in rat-proof sheds or containers.
Repair gaps in fences, especially in Redland’s terraced areas.
Use wire mesh or concrete to block holes.
Plant rat-repelling herbs like mint or lavender. These are popular in Bristol’s eco-conscious communities.
Consider ultrasonic repellents for additional deterrence. Test their effectiveness, as results can vary.

When to Call Pale Horse Pest Control

Spotting droppings, gnaw marks, or burrows signals a rat problem. Professional help is essential for persistent infestations. Pale Horse Pest Control, based in Bristol, offers expert solutions. Their services include thorough garden inspections.

They use eco-friendly, BPCA-approved methods to remove rats.
Tailored advice addresses Bristol’s unique urban challenges.
Serving Clifton, Redland, and Bedminster, Pale Horse ensures results.

Contact them at Pale Horse Pest Control for an expert inspection. Protect your garden with their professional expertise.

Quick Re-Cap: Preventing rats from nesting in your Bristol garden is achievable. Seal decking, secure food, manage water, and maintain your garden. These steps make your outdoor space less appealing to rats. Hot weather and dry spells require extra vigilance.

For stubborn infestations, Pale Horse Pest Control offers solutions. Their eco-friendly services keep your Bristol garden safe and pest-free.

Safely Manage Bumble Bee Nests in Bristol & Bath | Pale Horse

simonberenyi@gmail.com (Simon Berenyi) — Mon, 19 May 2025 05:19:50 GMT

Safely Manage Bumble Bee Nests in Bristol & Bath

The Bumble Bee Guide For Homes and Businesses In Bristol & Bath

Bumble bees in Bristol and Bath are vital pollinators, bringing life to local gardens. Their fuzzy appearance and gentle hum are always welcome, but finding a bumble bee nest in your garden can raise questions.

Should you leave it alone or take action?

This guide, tailored for homeowners in Bristol and Bath, explains how to safely manage bumble bee nests, ensuring the safety of both you and these essential insects. From understanding their behaviour to knowing when to call professionals, Pale Horse Pest Control is here to help you maintain a harmonious garden.

Why Bumble Bees Nest in Gardens

Bumble bees are drawn to gardens for their abundance of nectar-rich flowers and sheltered nesting sites. In Bristol’s vibrant neighbourhoods, like Redland or Bath’s historic areas like Lansdown, gardens provide perfect conditions.

Compost heaps, bird boxes, and undisturbed soil patches offer cosy homes for bumble bee colonies. The region’s mild spring climate encourages early nesting from March to June, making spring a peak time for nest discovery, as noted by the Bumblebee Conservation Trust.

The tree bumblebee (Bombus hypnorum), which arrived in the UK in 2001, often nests above ground in bird boxes or roof spaces, bringing it closer to human activity compared to other species that prefer underground sites.

Identifying Bumble Bee Nests

Bumble bee nests can be found in various locations:

Underground : Abandoned rodent burrows or beneath leaf piles.
Above Ground : Dense grass, compost heaps, or bird boxes (especially for tree bumblebees.
Structures : Under sheds, in wall cavities, or roof spaces.

You might notice a steady stream of bees entering and exiting a specific spot, a clear sign of a nest. In Bristol and Bath, where gardens often feature old stone walls or rustic sheds, these locations are particularly appealing.

Tree bumblebee nests are particularly noticeable due to a distinctive behaviour where large numbers of male bees patrol the nest entrance. While this can seem intimidating, males cannot sting and pose no threat.

Safety Considerations

Bumble bees, including tree bumblebees, are generally docile and sting only when threatened, unlike more aggressive wasps. According to the Bumblebee Conservation Trust, they can sting multiple times but are unlikely to do so unless the nest is disturbed or you make sudden movements.

Tree bumblebees may nest in high-traffic areas, such as near doorways or windows, which may increase the chance of accidental disturbance, potentially leading to defensive stings from worker bees.

Safe Management Tips

The best approach is to leave bumble bee nests undisturbed, as their colonies are annual and naturally die out by autumn, as explained by Buglife. If the nest is in a low-traffic area, simply monitor it without interference. For tree bumblebee nests in bird boxes or roof spaces, observe from a distance to avoid provoking workers. To coexist:

Plant Bee-Friendly Flowers : Native plants like lavender or foxgloves, common in Bristol and Bath gardens, support bumble bees without drawing them closer to high-traffic areas.
Avoid Pesticides : Chemicals can harm bumble bees, disrupting pollination in your garden.
Provide Shelter : Leave some areas of your garden wild to offer natural nesting sites.

If the nest is in a problematic location, such as near a pathway, relocation may be necessary. Relocating or controlling a nest is complex and risky, requiring expertise to avoid harming the bees or yourself. In the UK, while bumble bees are not legally protected, conservation groups like the Bumblebee Conservation Trust recommend professional assistance to ensure ethical handling.

Managing Tree Bumblebee Nests

The tree bumblebee (Bombus hypnorum) has become increasingly common in the UK since its arrival in 2001, as noted by the Woodland Trust.

Unlike many bumblebee species that nest underground, tree bumblebees prefer above-ground sites such as bird boxes, roof spaces, and wall cavities. This can bring them into closer contact with human activities, particularly in urban areas like Bristol and Bath.

A distinctive behaviour of tree bumblebees is that males patrol the nest entrance in large numbers, which can be mistaken for aggression. However, male bumblebees lack stingers and are harmless.

If the nest is located near high-traffic areas, such as doorways or windows, the activity might cause concern, and there is a risk of disturbing worker bees, which can sting if threatened. In such cases, Pale Horse Pest Control have the expertise to safely assess and relocate bumblebee nests when necessary.

When Lethal Control Might Be Considered

While bumblebees are beneficial and their nests are temporary, there are rare situations where lethal control might be considered. This is typically only when the nest poses a significant risk to human safety, such as being located inside a living space or in an area where individuals with severe allergies are present, and relocation is not feasible.

Conservation organisations strongly advocate for preservation, making lethal control a last resort. If intervention is needed, Pale Horse Pest Control can help.

Bristol and Bath: A Haven for Bumble Bees

Bristol and Bath are home to several bumble bee species, including the common carder bee, red-tailed bumble bee, and the tree bumblebee, thriving in the region’s green spaces.

Local initiatives, such as Bristol’s Urban Buzz project, promote bee-friendly gardens by encouraging residents to plant pollinator-friendly flowers and create nesting habitats. In Bath, the Bath and North East Somerset Council supports biodiversity through community gardening schemes.

Homeowners can contribute by maintaining wild patches or joining local conservation groups, enhancing the ecological health of their gardens.

When to Call Pale Horse Pest Control

If you’re concerned about a bumble bee nest in your garden, particularly a tree bumblebee nest in a problematic location, Pale Horse Pest Control is here to help. Serving Bristol and Bath, our BPCA-certified team provides:

Nest Assessment : We identify the species and evaluate the risk to determine the best management strategy.
Safe Relocation : When necessary, we carefully try and relocate nests in bird boxes to a safer location in your garden to preserve the colony and minimise disruption.
Expert Advice : We offer guidance on how to coexist with bumble bees and create bee-friendly environments in your garden.

Serving areas from Clifton to Combe Down, Pale Horse Pest Control combines local knowledge with environmentally responsible practices to ensure your garden remains a safe and thriving space for both you and these essential pollinators.

Bumblebee Summary

Bumble bees, including the tree bumblebee, are invaluable to Bristol and Bath gardens, supporting pollination and biodiversity. By understanding their nesting habits and adopting safe management practices, you can coexist harmoniously.

For complex situations, such as tree bumblebee nests in high-traffic areas, Pale Horse Pest Control offers professional, ethical solutions to protect both you and these vital insects. Embrace these gentle pollinators and make your garden a thriving ecosystem with our expert support.

Bristol Wasp Control & Wasps Nest Removal

Sat, 06 Jul 2024 08:08:00 GMT

Bristol Wasp Control Facts

Learn more about wasps and our Bristol wasp control services in 2024 with these amazing images and advice.

Honey bees differ from wasps in their approach to finding a nesting place, as opposed to wasps that will excavate whatever is in the way to create a nest.

The queen wasp builds her nest, lays eggs, raises larvae, and hunts for food, playing a crucial role in the life cycle and behaviour of the colony.

Wasps hunt for and feed on insects and insect larvae, particularly caterpillars, which are then used to feed the developing wasp brood.

Wasp larvae develop and feed within the nest, producing a sticky treat for the adults and engaging in trophallaxis, which helps bond the adults’ loyalty to the larvae and the colony as a whole.

Bristol Wasp Control and Wasp Nest Removal

Book Now – 0117 369 9909

Bristol Wasp Control

Sat, 06 Jul 2024 05:43:00 GMT

Bristol Wasp Control – 0117 369 9909

Why Are Wasps Dangerous?

Definition

Bristol Wasp Control by Pale Horse Pest Control provides fast, safe, and effective wasp nest removal services in Bristol, ensuring protection from dangerous wasp infestations.

Getting wasps controlled in your home or garden makes sense early in the year before the nests are large enough to put you or your loved ones at risk of wasp stings or even swarming, which can lead to serious wasp infestations.

In rare cases, wasp attacks are life-threatening, and we have seen this first hand!

Emergency Wasp Control

We fully understand the risks and prioritise any wasp nests that pose an imminent danger to you. We will usually arrive on site within an hour, so you can rest assured your wasp problem will be gone the very same day.

In such emergencies, it is crucial to rely on a professional pest control company to ensure the problem is handled safely and effectively.

Are Wasp Chemicals Dangerous?

The chemicals we use in the industry are very safe.

We use insecticidal dust that works almost immediately and most wasps nests fall silent within an hour.

Even the very most substantial nests are controlled quickly and safely, not because the chemicals are strong, but because the wasps are very sensitive to it.

The Primary Chemical Used is “ Vulcan P5 DP Dust HSE No: 7334 - Permethrin 0.5% “.

Bristol Wasp Control Prices

Our prices vary on time of year, your location and nest location. As a guide, the price for wasp control in 2024 is £120.00.

In general, we try to price as closely as we can to the prices charged by local authorities.

Please call for our latest prices. For convenience, we now take card payments with mobile terminals.

Are Wasp Stings Dangerous?

Wasp stings can be dangerous, especially for individuals who are allergic to the venom. When a wasp stings a human, it injects venom that can cause various reactions.

Wasp sting venom contains toxic proteins that can trigger pain, swelling, redness, and itching at the sting site.

In more severe cases, allergic reactions can occur, leading to symptoms such as difficulty breathing, swelling of the face and throat, hives, and even anaphylaxis, which is a life-threatening reaction.

In the UK, it is estimated that around 3% of adults and 1-2% of children have a true allergy to insect stings, which includes wasp stings.

It's important for individuals with known allergies to carry an epinephrine auto-injector (such as an EpiPen) and seek immediate medical attention if they experience a severe allergic reaction to a wasp sting.

Do You Remove The Wasps Nests?

We rarely remove wasp nests because we want the worker wasps to return to the nest and be eliminated.

It can be a few hours before all the wasps have returned, and if they don’t have a nest to return to, they tend to hang around with no means of control.

Simple really – If you remove the nest too soon, you have no active chemical to eliminate returning wasps.

One pest controller famously removed a wasp nest and put it into a bag before placing it in their customer’s wheelie bin. The wasps ate through the bag, and when their daughter took out her birthday present wrappers, they swarmed her!

Some British wasps are dangerous, and we don’t take chances – we play it safe every time and leave wasps nests treated in situ to die completely. We keep you safe.

Call: 0117 369 9909

Learn more about Bristol Wasp Control with Pale Horse Pest Control.

Catching The House Mouse

Wed, 12 Apr 2023 07:34:54 GMT

Catching A House Mouse in Bristol

Helping A Customer With A House Mice ( Mus musculus ) In Bristol

Our mouse control services in Bristol where recently called upon in a property where there had been regular sightings of a mouse running up and down a lounge in the evenings.

The mouse or mice were seen over several days and seemed unconcerned about their human observers.

The customers had considered and tried traps and poison without a positive result, so decided to call in the professionals. In 2022 I had helped them exterminate a wasp nest, so they said I was the perfect person to help them with this pest issue as well.

On arrival we carried out the usual checks and located a number of ventilation bricks that would need to mesh covers and located what appeared to be the main points of entry into lounge.

Control measures were applied and visits scheduled, but it was my second visit to the property that held the surprise!

On arrival the customer said "quick, quick, he's waiting for you on the window sill". I was a little surprised to hear this but nevertheless headed straight into the lounge where the mouse was sat, almost looking out the window.

I used the blinds to block the mouses escape and quite literally picked it up. House mice are not always very accommodating to our activities, so to literally catch one so quickly was an amazing result and the customer was thrilled.

Handling rodents should only be done if you have been trained to do it safely and humanely and always wear gloves to reduce any cross contamination issues.

Bristol Pest Controller Simon Discovers New Species In Brunei

simonberenyi@gmail.com (Simon Berenyi) — Sun, 02 Apr 2023 10:06:40 GMT

From Bristol Pest Control Expert To Discovering New Species!

How I Discovered A New Species In The Rainforests Of Brunei

It's been a few weeks since I had final confirmation, but I am excited to reveal that during my expedition into the Rainforest of Brunei in Borneo, I discovered a new species.

What most people don't realise is that nothing exists in science without a name. It's a sad reality that the rate of deforestation globally is happening at such a pace that many species are wiped from history with no record.

During my expedition to discover new species, I put my years of experience and field craft skills to a new use. Walking through the forest at night was an amazing experience. The forest came alive at night with all kinds of amazing creatures and unusual noises made by animals you couldn't see without the expert guidance of the local guides.

One such noise sounded like a cork being pulled from a bottle. This amusing popping sound came from a small hole in a nearby tree. On closer inspection, I could see a tiny frog the size of a Malteser that uses the hole in the tree to amplify its popping mating call.

As the team of scientists and citizen scientists meandered up the trail, deeper into the forest, I noticed a large and unusual looking slug. It resembled a snail that had lost its shell, but it was, in fact, a very unusual species of semi-slug or snug!

After careful examination, it was found to be unique to the area, however one specimen or incidence is not a new species - we needed to find more.

On the final day of the expedition, I left the field centre with the scientific team and headed back to the UK wondering if what had been found on that night walk would ever be revealed as a new species.

Fortunately, almost five years later, I received the news I had been waiting for, and yes, subsequent expedition teams had found more specimens and DNA barcoded them to reveal that this was unique and new to science.

Finally, this species would have a name ( Microparmarion sallehi ) and be published and recognised in the scientific literature as a new species.

It's a necessity in the pest control profession to be inquisitive, observant, and enquiring in order to unlock the secrets of a pest problem that might be uniquely yours. Finding the source of a pest problem is sometimes almost impossible, but with experts like me on hand to help, you can rest assured you are in good hands, the best hands for the job.

When Do Baby Squirrels Leave The Nest

Sun, 02 Apr 2023 08:12:58 GMT

When Do Baby Squirrels Leave The Nest

Disturbed grey squirrels leave the drey with kittens

Grey Squirrel Control - Case Study

I was recently called to a property in Bristol where the customer's ceiling had almost fallen through due to a build-up of water above it.

After further investigation it was clear that this was down to squirrels. Our Bristol squirrel control services quickly swung into action to help the customer avoid further damage.

The squirrels had filled an internal water gully with loft insulation, causing the gully to block, overflow and saturate the ceiling below.

With no safe access into the space where the squirrels were nesting and the urgency of the issue, it was decided to make an inspection point into the ceiling through which we could place control measures.

After the disturbance of cutting the hole in the ceiling, constant banging on the ceiling with a broom handle and placing control measures it seemed these squirrels decided to move home and left with their kittens to go to pastures new.

Squirrels are rarely this accommodating and lethal control is sometimes required. Fortunately, on this occasion, I was able to avoid lethal options.

Practical Facts About Grey Squirrels In Bristol

Grey squirrels ( Sciurus carolinensis ) are a common nuisance pest in the attics and crawl spaces of customers homes in Bristol and we are routinely being asked to remove this invasive species using the most humane wildlife control methods available.

These methods include lethal control (shooting, trapping and poisoning), disturbance (ultrasonic repellers, strong odours and strobe lights, etc.) and exclusion which is the most desirable and humane form of control.

When Do grey Squirrels Have Babies In Bristol?

Grey squirrels in the UK breed between February and May, but this all depends on the temperature, weather conditions, food availability and the fitness of the animals themselves. Squirrel babies or young are called kits, kittens, puppies and pups!

In the Autumn the squirrels may breed again, but we have found that squirrels will nest at almost any time of year where they have the safety and warmth of a well-insulated loft space and gardens rich in bird feeders and other sources of nutrition.

How Many Babies Do Grey Squirrels Have?

Squirrels can have between one and eight young per litter, however the most common litter size is between 2 and 4 kittens.

When Do Baby Squirrels Leave The Nest?

Grey squirrel babies or young will remain with their mothers in the nest for around 6-8 weeks before starting to explore the world beyond. After 8 weeks the juvenile squirrels will begin to build confidence and by 12 weeks most of the squirrels will have left to develop territories of their own.

Prevent Squirrels Getting Back Into Your House

Here Are Six Ways To Discourage and stop Squirrels from Entering Your Home

1. Seal all entry points : Identify and seal any openings or gaps in your home's exterior that squirrels can use to gain entry. This includes gaps in the roof, vents, chimney openings, and damaged or loose siding.

2. Install mesh screens or barriers : Cover any openings, such as vents or chimneys, with sturdy mesh screens that have small enough gaps to prevent squirrels from squeezing through.

3. Trim overhanging tree branches and control or remove climbing plants : Trim tree branches that are close to your home, as squirrels can use them as pathways to access your roof or attic. Aim for a minimum distance of 6-8 feet between trees and your house.

4. Secure waste bins and recycling receptacles : Make sure your rubbish bins have tight-fitting lids to prevent squirrels from being attracted to them and potentially accessing your home in search of food.

5. Remove deliberate food sources : Keep bird feeders away from your house, as spilt seeds and nuts will attract squirrels. Additionally, avoid leaving pet food or other sources of food outside that might entice them.

6. Consider using deterrents : Squirrel deterrents such as ultrasonic devices or motion-activated sprinklers may discourage them from approaching your home but may also discourage other wildlife.

Squirrel Rescue & Squirrel Control

Wed, 08 Mar 2023 08:41:14 GMT

Humane Squirrel Control

Squirrel Rescue & Squirrel Control

At a clients house in Bristol, I recently had a unique experience with squirrel control that showed me a different side of the job.

I wanted to share something positive for one of our first blog posts because it’s not all about killing things as a pest controller. Sometimes it's about saving an animal's life.

The situation I was called to investigate involved noises and property damage in a domestic loft and bathroom. The client reported trouble with squirrel damage to his property and requested that the squirrels be removed humanely.

I inspected the property both externally and internally, and here's what I found.

Internally , there was evidence of damage to pipes in the bathroom and insulation material under the bath. The client had covered a hole coming from the pipes outside and sealed it with a towel that prevented the squirrels from entering his property. As I removed the towel, I noticed some fly larvae.

In the loft, I found rodent droppings and disturbed insulation together with a strong smell of rat urine.

Externally , I checked the areas surrounding the house, both high-level and low-level, and found some potential entry points for the squirrels.

Instead of just removing the squirrels, I wanted to take a more humane approach. I set up a one-way door to allow the squirrels to leave the property but not re-enter, and then sealed up all the entry points to prevent future infestations. It felt good to have been able to help these creatures find a new home without causing them any harm.

First, I identified a broken tile on the roof and minor damage to the fascia. As I inspected the property, I noticed that the gable end of the soffit housing was also missing.

Additionally, I highlighted disturbance to the ground around a drain inspection cover and revealed how the earth around the property had started to subside.

There were numerous trees present, and some were overhanging the property and resting against it, making it easy for rodents to access the roof.

The property was a semi-detached and the house adjoining appeared to be okay, with no signs of any squirrel activity in the gutters, fascia, or roof area. It was at this point that I discovered a young squirrel lying on the ground.

The neighbouring house (not adjoining) on the other side, clearly had damage to the guttering and a likely entry point for squirrels. I noticed there was also a bird feeder in the garden, that would have offered rodents an easy meal.

My first priority was the safe recovery of the young squirrel . I placed the baby squirrel in a box and made arrangements to take it to the squirrel rescue sanctuary in Banwell, near Weston-Super-Mare. It warmed my heart to know that this little squirrel would be given the care and attention it needed to thrive.

Rats Under Kitchen Floor

Tue, 28 Feb 2023 19:54:52 GMT

Rats Under Kitchen Floor

Below A Kitchen Floor, Rats Found A Building Flaw!

Rats Under This Kitchen Floor Would Soon Be Gone!

This was not a quick-fix rat control process. We had no way into the pipe via an inspection chamber, and the house had been extended over the main sewer. This gave us no external access or options.

How We Solved This Rat Control Nightmare

Rats in the walls of a newly constructed kitchen extension left few clues as to the location of their entry. We checked all external surfaces for entry points and the building exterior had no entry points other than the front and rear doors.

Our Rat Investigation Prevented The Sewer Overflowing

We checked the only external sewer chamber on the neighbour’s driveway and it provided access to the neighbour’s drains and the main sewer line but not the customer’s line.

Fortunately for all concerned we revealed the chamber to discover it was full, just an inch from overflowing, indicating a blockage downstream. Wessex water swiftly attended and cleared the line, but it was still bad news. The sewer’s condition was fine, but the customer’s drains joined the sewer beneath the kitchen extension, making up-stream inspection into the house impossible.

Drain Access Was Hidden Within A Wall

Internally, we located the soil and vent pipe from the upstairs bathroom toilet and located a ground-level access point, hidden behind a plasterboard partition.

Now we were able to get our drain cameras into the line and survey it downstream. Our forensic search of the drains revealed not one but two redundant gully lines where the rats were likely getting in!

We Needed To Be Precise – Rats Don’t Care If You Miss

We knew where the line connected to the sewer and terminated in the house which gave us an approximate straight line. We also knew from houses on either side, where the original external gullies were. We worked out the angle of the redundant lateral gully branches and calculated exactly where the gullies would likely be under the extension.

After countless measurements and a little educated luck, we were ready to sacrifice a pristine floor tile. The customer only had a few spare, so we needed to be precise! Everyone held their breath as the SDS Chisel chipped its way down to the Damp Proof Membrane (DPM).

Revealing The Rats Entry Points

A quick tap on the DPM and it sounded very hollow! As we cut through the membrane it revealed the remnants of a 6mm plywood cover over the open gully and tunnels gnawed through the insulation board beneath the floor by countless rats. This provides the answer to many people’s question, “how can rats get out under a concrete floor?”. Simple answer, “They gnaw”.

The rats had gnawed through the 6mm plywood covers that the builders used to seal the gullies. Rats then gnawed their way through the foam insulation board above until they finally found their way into an underfloor void in an adjoining room and finally a wall void which took them into a ceiling void and the attic.

As usual, our measurements were spot on and we revealed and sealed the open drains permanently—no more Bait-Stink-Flies-Repeat for this customer. Kitchen rats love to stay undisturbed under kitchen counters behind the plinths.

Houses with prior rat ingress problems will often have old bat trays under kitchen counters.

Don’t Chase Rats – Always Focus On Ingress Points

It’s always worth remembering that rodents don’t have parachutes. Just because they are in your attic or other voids within your home or building, it doesn’t mean you start controlling them there.

Always look for the entry point and expect the unexpected.

This job highlighted to all involved the technical nature of our work.

After visiting hundreds of homes and businesses over the years, the principles of what we do remain the same, but the resources required to solve each problem vary greatly at times.

The sewers are the reservoirs of rat activity in urban environments, making drainage skills more important than a bait-only approach that stinks out your house and doesn’t actually solve anything.

Redundant Drains Must Sealed Permanently

Always demand builders show you that they have sealed redundant drains, etc, (concrete and glass is a good mix) before they cover them and always keep spare floor tiles – you never know when you might need them!

We Would Love To Resolve Your Rat Problems

As always we are here to help you with all your pest problems and would be delighted if decide to give us the chance to try and solve your pest management problems. Get in touch today and thank you for visiting our blog.

Getting Rid Of Rats In The Ceiling - Real Life Case Study

Fri, 17 Feb 2023 19:20:27 GMT

Getting Rid Of Rats In The Ceiling

Bristol Rat Control with Pale Horse Pest Control - A Real World Case Study

Rats are common in buildings and as the image above clearly attests, there was no question we had finally found the true source of the rat infestation plaguing this customers home - but its not what you think! There was a great deal of work to be done before we finally uncovered the true source of this rat problem.

Rats Don't Have Parachutes!

Rats in ceilings and attics are not there because they can fly, they are there because they can climb.

Rats in your home always begin either at ground level or bellow it. In this case the steps taken would be significant, but ultimately provide the customer with a lasting solution lasting many years to come.

What Steps Did We Take To Get Rid Of Rats In The Ceiling?

Inspect And Assess The Rat Infestation

The first step was to assess the scale and scope of the infestation with a thorough pest control inspection . This sounds easy but it's not always straight forward. We were dealing with a rat problem that had been going for many years before we were called in to tackle and solve it.

Having a great team around you is critical because these jobs are multidisciplinary, requiring the skills of multiple trades and a plasticity of mindset that is open to every possibility.

How Many Rats, And How Bad Is It?

We often get asked the question "how many rats do we have?" and you could look at the rat droppings available and suggest that droppings of different sizes mean you have a colony of maybe 6 - 12 rats.

Alternatively you could have droppings that are dry and covered in white mould or almost composted down, suggesting they have been there for many years. White shoulder moths also help indicate that it might be a historical issue. So which is it? a few rats over many years or many rats over a few months?

It's just speculation, so you have to give it your best guess based on experience and the customers history with the property. Very often rat infestations are much older than the current owners interpretation of it.

Where Have The Rats In The Ceiling Come From?

The rats in this case were in the ceiling over a new extension suggesting the involvement of the drains. Non-return valves had been fitted but the sweeping nature of the lateral branches into the external inspection chamber made them a poor fit and they had previously had plastic non-return valves, so they had naturally failed and were slightly open and badly gnawed.

Inspection of the internal soil and vent pipe showed that the builders of the extension had crushed the soil pipe from the downstairs toilet. this was excavated and repaired, but the burrows around the defective pipe made no sense because the soil pipe was not cracked.

Internally the soil and vent pipe, on its vertical climb through the building, had a loose connection at the base and plenty of rat droppings so this was also repaired and finally it all looked good, but didn't sound good.

The reason for the return to this property was a very difficult and costly inspection that could only be done by removing the downstairs shower. The shower drained into a soil pipe that couldn't be accessed externally because of the point where it joined into the main soil pipe was on an angle that the CCTV drain inspection camera was unable to navigate around.

Unfortunately this turned out to be hiding the primary entry exit point. The builders who constructed the extension took a number of shortcuts that are only now becoming clear and the rats might have been the villains in the beginning, but as with many of these jobs the rats might actually be doing you a favour.

Thats because their presence betrays underlying sewer and structural faults that if left unresolved could very well lead to subsidence, damp and persistent foul odours.

Once the shower tray was out, we were faced with an inch deep layer of composted rat droppings mixed with a small amount of builders rubble and a substantial amount of damp. The concrete floor under the shower also sounds hollow beneath so the rats are likely to have nested below the concrete slab and burrowed away the supporting soil and aggregate below.

The final step will be to seal the cavity, replace the gully top with a hard plastic stopper connector and not the initial rubber topper that rats simply gnawed through. Next the concrete floor will need to be lifted and relaid to ensure it is supported properly.

So In essence this was a challenging case but fairly routine for the Bristol rat control services we offer.

Key Takeaways From This Rat Control Job

The first find might not be the only problem
Rat activity is often a sign of other issues that need to be addressed
Repairs should take into account the rats ability to gnaw through materials
The expected budgets should set in advance so if the worst is needed then you are already armed with the necessary insurance details and options
Check EVERYTHING and expect the unexpected
Nothing is guaranteed - you must be flexible and see each stage of the process as just that - one step in what might require a series of steps, each with its own respective costs to achieve lasting control
Be prepared for a dead rat smell and the flies from dead rats
Be prepared for this to take time - if you are lucky your rats will be gone in a few days - but usually its a matter of weeks because you need to test to be sure controls or works have been effective.
Finally, stay safe and always exercise good site hygiene, clean up responsibly and leave nothing for others to clear up after you and become contaminated or infected by rat diseases .

Conclusion

Rats are not always the enemy as they often provide clues to other more costly damage occurring out of sight. Control takes time but ultimately it all starts with intelligence. Visual inspection, customer history, drain inspections, structural inspection, extermination and remediation and monitoring.

If you have a rat problem in Bristol, Bath or beyond and it seems insurmountable we would be delighted to help. We do travel nationally to help customers and we are always open to help you wherever you are.

Rice Weevils In The Bird Seed | Pale Horse

simonberenyi@gmail.com (Simon Berenyi) — Wed, 01 Feb 2023 19:00:25 GMT

Bugs All Over The Kitchen!

We received a call from a customer reporting how they had discovered tiny bugs or beetles all over the kitchen and inside various different food items.

This is a common call and as always we were quick to respond and accurately identify these tiny bugs.

once we arrived we took a look at one of the bugs under our 40x magnifier and looked for the most distinguishing features of the insect.

You can see on the photos that these bugs have six legs (insects) and look like they have a long nose which means these are likely weevils.

Weevils like all insects have a body made up of three main part (head, thorax and abdomen), and if you look at the abdomen, especially the top weevil, it has four light coloured spots or patches on it. This was enough to clearly identify them as rice weevils.

Where were the bugs coming from?

After we checked all the most common places in the house and kitchen we finally found what we were looking for. A bag of bird seed tucked away at the back of a kitchen cabinet was about to reveal its secrets.

As we lifted out the bag of seed you could immediately see the seed moving inside the bag and a large number of weevils around the top of the open bag.

What pesticides did we use to control the rice weevils?

We used nothing! When you are lucky enough to discover the source of an infestation, you might be fortunate and simply remove it from the building.

In this case the bird seed was binned and the customer was delighted to put the whole experience behind them.

It was just another example of how we used our technical knowledge and skills to solve a pest problem without using pesticides while saving the customer money.

Why Are Rats Under Your Shed?

simonberenyi@gmail.com (Simon Berenyi) — Thu, 12 Jan 2023 08:01:36 GMT

Why Are Rats Under Your Shed?

Bristol Rat Control 0117 369 9909

Rats are among the most noticeable rodents in our gardens , not least because they are among the largest and require a good supply of both food and water in order to thrive.

Our Bristol rat control service is regularly called upon to investigate rat problems in people's gardens which are usually a result of a few common factors.

5 Common Reasons Your Garden Shed Has Rats

Feeding birds with loose or mixed feed - Bird feeders are commonly associated with rats because so much feed gets spilt onto the floor. This can be reduced simply by ensuring that each feeder contains only one kind of seed. When using the mixed seed in bird feeders, birds will peck out the seed they don't like, depositing it on the floor and eat only those seeds it prefers.
Animal feed available from pets like rabbits and chickens - The smell of food in feeding bowls provides great encouragement to foraging rats and mice. It's also very common for enclosures to be built using chicken wire that is large enough to allow mice and juvenile rats to pass through into the animal enclosures uninhibited.
Compost bins that are well stocked and lack a solid base - Compost bins offer rats a place to nest that is heated by its decomposing contents all year round and has a regular supply of food available fresh from your kitchen. Starchy foods like potatoes are a popular meal for an overwintering rat. Most compost bins don't have a base in them, so we need to create one that the rats can't penetrate. This is a simple process and can be done with patio slabs and some wire mesh.
Damaged drains and drain inspection covers - Faulty sewers and especially broken inspection chamber covers allow rats to reach the surface and your garden unhindered. The sudden appearance or presence of holes near to, or next to drain covers are ideal for rodents to surface into your garden.
Large quantities of stored or abandoned rubbish/waste - Rats are quite vulnerable to the effects of low food supply and harsh winter conditions, but where there is shelter (your shed), they can thrive in the most extreme conditions. Any time large deposits of waste are left sitting around for long periods, rats will exploit this waste for the purposes of feeding and breeding.

With any food reservoir, there will be a propensity for rodents to make a home nearby. Forget about spiders , bugs , and other natural foods because your drains are a food reservoir. What we put down there in the form of faeces, and plate scrapings etc, is all the food they need.

Remember that rats do not have a sense of taste, but do possess an excellent sense of smell.

Rats rarely establish themselves under sheds without a good source of food close by. For this important reason, you must always look for "Why They Are There".

Sometimes the cause will be a simple one that is easy to identify, and in other situations, it can prove very difficult.

How To Prevent Rats Under Your Garden Shed

Some simple steps can ensure that you never have a rat problem under your shed. The measures that will help you get rid of rats include:

Site your shed on a solid concrete base (they can't dig through this).
Surround your shed with a 12 inch wide and six-inch-deep layer of pea shingle/gravel.
Raise the base up five inches by placing the base on wooden beams or bricks
Solve the original source.

It sounds simple and, well actually it is. But what are the wild card reasons for your problem that will be a far tougher nut to crack?

In many cases, this will be down to your neighbours! The other reason can be your proximity to natural reservoirs of activity like waterways (rivers, streams and canals) and bodies of water (lakes, ponds and ditches).

Why Do Wasps Chase You?

simonberenyi@gmail.com (Simon Berenyi) — Wed, 11 Jan 2023 18:02:09 GMT

Why Do Wasps Chase You?

Wasps chase you - only if they can see you!

The Closer You Get - The More Clearly Wasps See You!

Most people have a healthy respect for wasps, and this is no surprise.

Growing up, we can all remember being buzzed, chased and even stung by these distinctive little insects, but why do they chase us? Our Bristol wasp control customers often have stories to tell about their own unique experiences with wasps, and being chased by wasps tops the list!

Superficially it's easy to imagine that these are unhappy or highly aggressive insects, but this is a far cry from the truth, and we must try to be evidence-based.

What Wasps Will Chase Us?

Wasps of the family Vespidae are also termed "paper wasps" because they build nests from materials that consist predominantly of paper pulp and similar fibres.

Wasps nests constructed by European Vespids range in size from the size of a golf ball to the size of a small car. Wasp nests have populations from dozens to tens of thousands, and yes, they can kill you!

Many giant nests are not the result of a single queen but the merging of nests built close together. This behaviour rubs against the grain of devices designed to repel wasps in gardens by pretending to be another nest.

In the real world, we don't always see wasps making an effort to avoid one another. Nature is fickle and there is always an exception to the rule.

Evidence-based or not, we must be flexible in our thinking.

A Wasps Defence Is Divided By Cast

Nests are divided up by cast into males, queens, mature workers, and juveniles. We don't mean teenagers, but newly hatched wasps continue to mature physiologically for a period.

As the wasps complete the process of development they quickly become more effective and engaged with nest defence.

Nests with a larger proportion of mature workers and a high-value component of brood (larvae) within the nest are far more likely to focus swiftly on you than nests that are immature or matured in the past.

Colonies that are reaching maturity or have high densities of brood will have a robust capacity for self-defence.

Having the capacity to defend might not be reflected in how they defend the nest. Why? Because other important variables are at play.

Temperature, nutrition and water availability are also significant components of nest activity and ability.

Nests subjected to high temperatures, and low water availability rarely do well, whereas those with the additional or critical component of low nutrition or a good overall balance can be among the most dangerous we encounter.

A hungry wasp is often an angry wasp.

One example of this was a wasp nest in a large, heavy, planter in a customers garden. A maturing nest had nowhere else to go so remained confined within the planter.

This densely packed, heavily populated nest seemed to have very little activity. We moved to within five feet of the planter and they swarmed us at speed, with a fury I'de never seen before, or since.

Over a thousand insects hit us in just a few seconds, in a blizzard of wasps. Very scary, even in full protective gear.

In 12 years we have dealt with thousands of nests, but those that were the most aggressive were just reaching maturity. By maturity, I mean that the number of adult wasps and larvae had reached their peak.

This is when the highest number of mature wasps look to develop and protect the highest number of larvae. Once this short period ends, the nest continues to decline in population defence until it dies off in the autumn.

Wasps: Specialised Vision

Wasps have compound eyes, and compound eyes are designed with one particular quality - they are hypersensitive to movement.

The human eye has a superb resolution, compared to most insects and we can see clearly at all ranges. Wasps can only see clearly for a few feet but can identify general movement at greater distances.

So the closer you get to these insects, the more of a visible threat you become.

It was observed that wasps do have better visual contrast than honey bees which seemed to have better visual acuity for colours.

Wasps require eyesight for the acquisition and capture of prey. To catch insects mid-flight requires excellent vision.

This is not so much of an issue for the honey bee because it has no need to hunt for insects, but does need to identify flower types by colour.

Why Do Wasps Attack You?

Most people when they see a wasp, Hornet or Yellow Jacket , start waving arms around, and this directly increases their movement signature, which is a huge threat to the wasp, so naturally, it goes on the defence.

Once agitated, the wasp will do what it can to escape or subdue the threat, and that comes with a sting in the tail.

The wasp will give chase, and you will create even more movement to evade the wasp - and you get the picture.

You will never outrun a wasp if you are running in zig-zags. Run as fast as you can in a straight line and hope the wasp has given up the chase.

Avoid Being Stung By Wasps

So what's the answer? You need to stay as still as possible. Very often people are not actually stung when they think they are.

The sting protrudes slightly from the abdomen, meaning that it can sometimes prick the skin, making us feel like we have been stung when in fact, we have not because no venom has been injected.

Additional resources and references:

Ref: Colony Defence Behaviour of the Primitively Eusocial Wasp, Mischocyttarus cerberus is Related to Age. An excellent paper.

50 Weird Phobias Related To Pests

simonberenyi@gmail.com (Simon Berenyi) — Wed, 11 Jan 2023 17:49:16 GMT

Top 50 List Of Phobias Related To Pests

Pest Control's Top Phobias

When it comes to our fears of pests, it's surprising to discover just how many phobias are related to pest control.

Phobias Related To Pest Control - Real or Imagined?

Do You Have Any?

Animals - Zoophobia

Ants - Myrmecophobia

Bacteria - Bacteriophobia

Bats - Chiroptophobia

Bees - Apiphobia or Melissophobia

Birds - Ornithophobia

Butterflies and Moths - Mottephobia

Cats - Aclurophobia, Ailurophobia, Elurophobia, Felinophobia

Creepy, crawly things - Herpetophobia

Dampness, moisture or liquids - Hydrophobia

Death or dying - Thanatophobia

Death or dead things - Necrophobia

Decaying matter - Seplophobia

Dirt, contamination or infection - Molysmophobia or Molysomophobia

Dirt or filth - Rhypophobia or Rupophobia

Dirty, being dirty or personal filth - Automysophobia

Disease - Nosophobia or Pathophobia

Disease and suffering - Panthophobia

Dogs or rabies - Cynophobia

Dust - Amathophobia or Koniophobia

Feathers or being tickled by feathers - Pteronophobia

Faecal matter, faeces - Coprophobia or Scatophobia

Filth or dirt - Rhypophobia

Fire - Arsonphobia or Pyrophobia

Hoarding - Disposophobia

Infection, contamination or dirt - Molysmophobia or Molysomophobia

Insects - Acarophobia or Entomophobia or Insectophobia

Insects that eat wood - Isopterophobia

Insects that cause itching - Acarophobia

Lice - Pediculophobia or Phthiriophobia

Mushrooms - Mycophobia

Odour, that one has a vile odour - Autodysomophobia

Poison - Lophobia

Poisoned, being - Toxiphobia, Toxophobia, or Toxicophobia

Rabies - Cynophobia, Hydrophobophobia, Hydrophobia, Kynophobia, or Lyssophobia

Rat, great mole - Zemmiphobia

Reptiles - Herpetophobia

Small things - Microphobia, Mycrophobia

Smells and odours - Olfactophobia

Snakes - Ophidiophobia or Snakephobia

Spiders - Arachnophobia

Stings - Cnidophobia

Tapeworms - Taeniophobia

Termites - Isopterophobia

Vomiting - Emetophobia

Wasps - Spheksophobia

Wild animals - Agrizoophobia

Worms - Scoleciphobia and Vermiphobia

Worms, being infested with - Helminthophobia

If you know of any others pertinent to Pest Control, please share them with us in the comments.

Biting insect Pests & Parasites In Bristol and Bath

Sat, 10 Dec 2022 23:56:00 GMT

Biting Insects Pests

Why Are Fleas Biting Everyone?

Dog fleas ( Ctenocephalides canis ) and cat fleas ( Ctenocephalides felis ) that are most commonly responsible for biting humans in Bristol.

If you think it’s just one person in your home getting bitten by fleas then you’re probably wrong. This usually means they are not reacting to the bites in the same way and have no allergy to them.

Do Fleas Carry Disease?

Fleas also carry diseases that include The Black Death that ravaged Bristol , a frightening plague still around today in some of our planets poorer countries. Bacteria are spread when the flea regurgitates whilst feeding on a new host.

One key problem with flea bites is the flea bite allergy many people have to them.

The bites get itchy and the scratching causes an infection that in turn can cause permanent scarring. Fortunately, at Pale Horse Pest Control we have proven methods for controlling fleas quickly, safely and easily.

How Long Before Fleas Infest?

Large infestations develop over a few months, only showing their true numbers when a new host enters. This is usually while people are on holiday. Understanding the life cycle of the cat flea can help.

Whilst peoples homes are empty large numbers of flea larvae mature together. We often get called to people returning home to be covered in pepper from the carpet? In other words, hundreds of hungry, biting fleas, emerging from the floors etc simultaneously.

The flea’s astonishing ability to jump 100 times its own height, helps it jump onto a passing host. What’s interesting is they only jump when it’s light!

Will DIY Flea Control Products Work?

Pest products bought in the shops can have some effect but in general, are a sorry match for large infestations.

Only integrated methods of control that include fumigation and residual sprays work quickly. Nothing you buy over the counter will come close to professional methods for the speed of control.

What Flea Treatments Are Available?

Flea treatments for cat fleas and dog fleas available to the general public are very expensive and in most cases simply do not work.

We have customers who spend hundreds of pounds or more on shop-bought sprays. Sprays from the supermarkets or vets just don’t get the results they promise.

Our products are varied and this is because every situation is slightly different. Professional products get good results in the majority of cases. and from experience, we know that the chemicals we use are quite simply the very best.

Salmonella & Pests | Pale Horse Pest Control

Sat, 10 Dec 2022 23:31:00 GMT

Salmonella and Pest Control

What Is Salmonella?

Salmonella is a species of bacteria of which there are over 3000 known strains. It gets its name from the American vet, Daniel Elmer Salmon (1850-1914).

Is Salmonella Dangerous?

Not all strains or varieties of bacteria are considered dangerous to humans. Unfortunately, some are so significant that death is not uncommon. The most common forms of Salmonella bacteria associated with transmission to humans include – S.typhi , S.paratyphi , S.typhimurium , and S.enteritidis .

Salmonella used as a biological control on rat populations has proved to be useful but not ideal. Rats became resistant, and humans did not. In fact, it was also transmitted to humans, resulting in outbreaks of gastroenteritis. Because of this, The World Health Organisation (WHO) quickly retracted its use.

Is Salmonella Common?

In humans, the disease is common. Each year, millions of people worldwide suffer acute gastroenteritis after becoming infected with Salmonella typhimurium.

How Does Salmonella Attack The Body?

Like all microorganisms, bacteria attack the body in a variety of ways. Some bacteria produce toxins that poison you, while others attack the body.

Salmonella enters our body with contaminated food or water, so it is considered a food-borne pathogen. The word pathogen means – disease-causing from the Greek: pathos “suffering, passion” and genēs “producer of.”

The bacteria attack the body by invading and colonising the lining (mucosa) of the intestine. Bacterial invasion of the lining of your gut causes inflammation (swelling), termed enteritis.

Where Does Salmonella Come From?

Rodents, pets, birds, and insects can all carry salmonella. Most people are unaware that they are carriers of the bacteria (5%) without showing symptoms of the disease. Human to human transmission should not be ruled out for this very reason.

Signs & Symptoms of Salmonella Infection

Symptoms of Salmonella include stomach cramps, dizziness, confusion, and nausea. Signs of infection include vomiting, fever, diarrhoea and severe dehydration, collapse and, in rare cases, death. On average, it takes from 12 to 48 hours for the symptoms to develop (incubation period) after swallowing an infectious dose of salmonella, thought to be around 105 per gram. Symptoms usually last for several days, and most people recover without treatment.

People who become severely ill may need hospital care because dehydration caused by the illness can be life-threatening. One of the most dangerous forms of Salmonella because it has the highest mortality (death) rate is S.choleraesuis . Because Salmonella can multiply between 7C and 45C, fridges must be checked to ensure they are operating at 5C or below. Disinfection of all food preparation surfaces is vital before any food preparation.

Who Gets Salmonella?

Anyone can get salmonella, but young children, the elderly and people who have immune systems that are not working correctly (including people on antibiotics, recovering from illness), have a higher risk of becoming severely ill.

How Do You Get Infected With Salmonella?

You usually get salmonella by eating or drinking contaminated food and drink. Salmonella bacteria live in the gut or on the surface of many animals, including rodents, birds, and insects. Contamination is also possible when raw and cooked foods become stored together.

It’s impossible to tell from the appearance of foods if bacteria have contaminated it. It will typically look, smell and taste quite ordinary. Bacteria can be spread from person to person because of poor hygiene. Failing to wash your hands properly after going to the toilet or after handling contaminated food.

How Do You Avoid Salmonella Infection?

Hand Hygiene

Also:

If someone has salmonella, launder all contaminated clothing, bedding, and towels in the washing machine on the hottest wash cycle possible. Disinfect toilet seats, toilet bowls, flush handles, taps and wash hand basins after use with detergent and hot water, followed by a household disinfectant.

Honey Bee Swarms

Sat, 10 Dec 2022 23:08:00 GMT

Honey Bee Swarm Removal

The Control Of Honey Bees

Because Honey Bee swarms are reportedly in decline, swarms deserve all the help we can give them.

With this thought in mind, it makes complete sense to realise that control is always a last resort.

Honeybee swarms can easily exceed 50000 bees and sometimes need specialist control. In contrast, most wasps nests contain just a few thousand insects.

This is especially true in situations where they end up in locations that pose a risk to humans.

Honeybee swarms in close proximity to humans usually make chemical control unavoidable.

Do Honey Bees Have Legal Protection?

People often call us when a swarm descends down their chimney only to appear in the customers front room.

Beekeepers rarely find themselves available at short notice when swarms get inside a property. Swarms that become fragmented in this way are normally unviable or impossible to collect and relocate safely and easily.

Beekeepers don’t tend to like killing native honey bees in Bristol , leaving this process to experts like ourselves instead.

What Does Honeybee Swarm Control Cost?

Honeybee extermination can become an expensive exercise because of these strict but necessary guidelines.

Bee swarms often nest at a great height requiring specialist access. This must be available in the required configuration for swarm control.

Honeybee swarms regularly enter chimneys and require special access to get to them.

The combined cost of access, control and remediation can easily pass £1000.00 – a sobering thought!

If you had 50-100K insects descend down your chimney – would you let them stay?

Honey bees concealed in attics, walls or chimney voids might be safe to leave in place.

Where they do invade a home, the consequences can be horrific.

Protecting Honey Bees

Protecting bees and pollinators alike will ensure numbers remain vibrant and robust. The UK has a National Pollinator Strategy , and in Somerset, Somerset Council have a Pollinator Action Plan .

Evidence is also mounting that although bee populations look healthy, the overall bee diversity is in decline .

We all have a part to play in the bees story. Conservation begins at home, so learn about bees, share what you learn and help keep the buzz of bees alive for future generations to enjoy.

Bristol Pest Control Services | Pale Horse Pest Control

Sat, 10 Dec 2022 22:52:00 GMT

Bristol Pest Control Services

Professional Pest Control Bristol

The best pest control providers in the UK include members of the BPCA or British Pest Control Association .

Pest infestations in residential pest control situations are often carried out by smaller, family-run businesses where you get to know the owner of the pest control companies and will often seek help and advice from this person for many years.

A pest control service in Bristol might be a one-off visit or be part of scheduled yearly pest control contracts if you have a large property or simply want to know your premises are secure and safe from vermin.

Ethical Pest Control Services In Bristol

Professional pest control is not just about using poisons and pesticides to get rid of pests, it’s also about removing or reducing the problems that allow or encourage pests into a property in the first place. It’s about being proactive and not just reactive.

Ethical pest control treatments are becoming more and more important to both customers and the environment. Pest prevention or exclusion is the game! Everyone wants a pest solution that is both efficient and cost-effective.

Treatments for insects, fleas, birds mice and other vermin in your house or business have arrived for a reason and it requires some detective work by professionally trained and experienced experts to help you find the source or culprit quickly.

So the best pest controllers focus first on inspection. Accurate inspection and assessment provide pest control that eliminates nuisance pests in the shortest amount of time possible, at the best possible price, with the least possible disruption and least possible impact on the environment and non-target species.

As customers, we all want great service from an extremely helpful pest controller. A professional that can remove pests and solve pest problems quickly.

The most common pest problems we are called to help business customers with include cockroaches, bed bugs and rodents. Wasps and bedbugs are among the most common pest control treatments we help our residential customers eliminate.

Every pest problem and infestation is a cause of stress and anxiety, so we always try our very best to be as honest and accurate as we can when assessing any pest control problem. Mice and rats in general, require professional expertise to protect health and food security.

Bristol Pest Control Services

At Pale Horse Pest Control , we have a very rare skill set in this respect and have expertise in drainage and structural proofing. We also work closely with allied trades to ensure everything is done as thoughtfully and competently as possible.

Finally, our pest control company is determined to do all we can to help educate and prevent future infestation opportunities arising in domestic properties to keep families and vulnerable people safer for longer with control in Bristol that lasts.

Our website has been written to provide the very best professional pest control advice on the actions and pest services available in Bristol with our team of experts. So please contact us for further help and advice. We are always delighted to help and can often provide a free quote over the phone.

Insects In Bristol

Insects in need of control in the UK and Bristol include wasps , hornets , fleas , flies , and bed bugs. Often these insects fall into one or more of three categories. An insect species can be a nuisance pest , an economic pest or a medically important pest or any combination of the above. Most insect treatments will be carried out for a business or company to protect their property, reputation and clients.

Services in Bristol aimed at residential customers often focus more on health protection, nuisance reduction and then economic protection. Only once control measures have proven themselves to be effective over time will it be possible to feel some level of confidence that the treatment or proofing services have been successful, especially in respect of rats and mice.

Rodents In Bristol

Rodents considered for eradication in the UK include black rats ( Rattus rattus ) , brown rats ( Rattus norvegicus ) , house mice ( Mus domesticus ) , and field voles ( Microtus agrestis ).

Rats and mice cause millions in damage to property, food, and human health. Many environmental health departments around the UK will be very unforgiving in situations where businesses have failed to control rodents effectively or have failed to prevent vermin from accessing sensitive areas like food stores and kitchens.

So why wait? Contact Pest Control Bristol 0117 369 9909

Hedgehogs

Sat, 10 Dec 2022 22:32:00 GMT

Helping Hedgehogs in Bristol

Hedgehogs At Risk?

Bristol’s Hedgehogs ( Erinaceus europaeusare ) are under threat, so receive legal protection from trapping or intentional harm. Nationwide, populations of Hedgehogs have declined by a third since 2000!

Pest control in Bristol from professionals and amateurs should be carefully planned to avoid unintentionally harming non-target wildlife. Always consider how pesticides might find their way into the food chain.

How Can We Help Hedgehogs?

Now a new initiative called “ Hedgehog Street ” is attempting to turn the tide on their decline, and they need all the help we can give them. Two vital organisations in the story of the UK’s Hedgehogs include The British Hedgehog Preservation Society and Prickles in Bristol .

Hedgehogs ( Erinaceus europaeus ) are beautiful yet prickly mammalian carnivores growing to around 12 inches in length.

Their unique appearance owes itself to about 6000 inch-long spines (modified hollow hairs) on both their back and flanks.

The rest of the body is covered in coarse greyish brown fur that conceals a little tail! A blonde variety can also be found on the island of Alderney.

The hedgehog gets its name from the grunting, snorting noises it makes during mating and while foraging in hedges, etc. The name “Hedgehog” was first noted in the 1400s, and the name stuck. Even Shakespeare refers to the humble hedgehog in a few of his plays!

Where Do Hedgehogs Live?

The most successful populations live in lowland, urban, suburban and rural environments. Because of the importance of urban habitats, it’s vital; we do all we can to support these precious animals.

They often live for several years, but their habitats are becoming increasingly sterile of places to nest and hibernate, making survival and longevity less certain.

Roads, ponds and many other hazards await these animals that often travel over a kilometre each night searching for food.

Urban gardens are becoming bleak and sterile places to find a meal. A recent trend towards artificial grass, decking, patios and additional parking, have all taken a toll on hedgehog numbers.

Hedgehog corridors linking gardens through a series of wildlife windows in fences and walls have proved instrumental in reversing population decline.

What Do Hedgehogs Eat?

Diet includes worms, beetles, slugs, caterpillars, millipedes, bird eggs, live or dead small mammals, earwigs and even ground-nesting bees.

You can offer artificial help by providing meaty cat food, cat biscuits and dog food, especially before colder autumn weather arrives.

Mating takes place between April and September, and hoglets (usually 3-4) appear from the end of June onwards. Hoglets are weaned and independent after just five weeks.

Hedgehogs and Self-Defence

When threatened, they roll into a tight ball. This might deter most predators in the UK, but badgers make short work of this defence.

As the only serious predator of the hedgehog, badgers should be discouraged from known runs and nesting sites. Mothers disturbed while nesting will often abandon or even eat the hoglets.

Hedgehogs and Hibernation

By November, they are settling down for their winter rest and share their hibernation habits with only one other native animal, the dormouse.

During hibernation, their body temperature can fall from their normal range (30-35°C) to below 5°C!

Hedgehogs and Disease

We know they carry fleas and suffer from a range of diseases, including cancer. They also suffer from a rare condition called balloon syndrome, where they can fatally fill with air.

A disease that you might get from handling them without gloves or handwashing is the fungal infection known as Ringworm .

Exercising good hand hygiene or wearing gloves is always prudent and sensible practice.

How Can You Help Hedgehogs?

Thank you for helping wildlife in your garden and community.

Image by Alexas_Fotos from Pixabay – Thank you!

Local Facts & Places Around Bristol

The City of Bristol is has a population of almost half a million people and nestles along the River Avon. Bristol dates back around 60000 years. At least that’s what we know so far. As long ago as Roman times, the area was known as a port but did not become a bonified city until 1542 as it started to develop as an essential global trading venue. Today the city has world-class universities like Bristol University and The University of the West of England and entertainment venues that include the Bristol Hippodrome, Thekla and O2 Academy . Bristol harbour also has plenty of places to eat in Bristol . Thank you for visiting our website. We trust it helped.

Should Old Wasps Nests Get Removed

Sat, 10 Dec 2022 22:03:00 GMT

Should Old Wasps Nests Get Removed

Old wasps nests in your house will never again be used! We see hundreds of wasp nests each year while carrying out our Bristol wasp control service , which highlights the variety in both size and location.

Paper wasps in the United Kingdom show no propensity to reoccupy old nests. However, we have seen wasps on four separate occasions build in the footprint of old nests. Another phenomenon was a wasp nest being built within an old nest.

It is not uncommon to see wasps of the same species as previous nests in a property building close to the remains or footprints of old, discarded nests.

We think future queens may have a propensity to establish a new colony where a pheromone from previous wasp activity has been detected.

This is likely an evolutionary trait, benefiting the survivability of a new colony developed where colonies success has occurred before.

A disadvantage might be the presence of persistent or residual insecticides that might still be active and kill new queens. Another disadvantage might be the presence of parasites.

Benefits Of Old Wasps Nests

Modern wasp control has a handle on prevention and not just control. One way of deterring wasps is the installation of a fake or mimic wasp nest.

We routinely find that wasps of a particular species build nests in the same houses almost every year. While potentially coincidental, this might present clues to the success of mimic nests.

For example, If a queen wasp enters your attic and discovers wasps already nesting or detects wasps of a different species, she might decide not to nest there.

With this in mind, an old nest could discourage wasps from nesting in some small way.

As we have already mentioned, residual insecticides may still be present and active the following year and offer another layer of value. If you remove the old nest, you will lose any possible benefits.

Money, money, money? Yes, you can sell old wasps nests online and make a tidy sum! This sounds bonkers, but search up old wasp or hornets nests for sale, and you might be surprised at how these things go for.

Finally, we must not forget that they are weirdly beautiful and fascinating to dissect. If a nest has not been treated with pesticides or treated with safe freeze spray, it should be safe to remove and handle. One word of warning, though, be sure they are inactive!

Why Remove A Wasp Nest?

So the case for removal is not heavily supported here, but we should mention the drawbacks of leaving nests in place.

Service professionals carrying out routine or emergency maintenance will often refuse to enter a building or building cavity if a wasp nest is visible.

Bumblebees also like to build colonies on the remnants of old nests. We have seen European Tree Bumblebees nesting in wasp nest remnants on two occasions.

Finally, wasps will often cause structural damage to plasterboard walls and ceilings or insulation, and roofing felt.

If nests have been left in place, you might not discover this damage until it causes related dampness or other issues and requires more expensive repairs.

Wasps nests have also been described as a fire risk because they are essentially just paper. Nests built over or close to ceiling lights should be considered for removal but are often ignored, especially where you have no access to nests and would need to cut a hole in your ceiling to get to them.

Dangers Of Old Nests

The main dangers of old nests are rarely discussed, so we have listed the top four dangers or redundant nests.

Conclusion

Ultimately the removal of wasps in Bristol is a personal choice and is likely to be more expensive to complete than a simple wasp treatment. Where access is good, we offer a removal service, but not at the same time as treatment. We always wait for treatment to be effective before bringing nests through customers homes.

We hope this has answered some of your questions about old wasps nests and why you should or should not remove a wasps nest.

Rat Control Advice

Sat, 10 Dec 2022 21:21:00 GMT

The Best Rat Control Advice

Rat control advice that works and lasts is hard to find. Luckily, this super infographic describes the process in five easy steps. Get rid of rats more quickly and easily today.

The simplicity of rat control hinges on 5 simple steps – principles that work, again and again.

Rat Control Made Simple - Infographic!

Rodent control in homes, kitchens and attics is often a simple process. Find out how the rats enter your home and seal everything up to prevent re-infestation.

Advice for Rat Infestations & Neighbours

The greatest challenge to resolving rodent problems arises when you involve neighbours or others unwilling to help or even take part in the extermination process.

By far, the easiest property is the detached property, followed by semi-detached, terraced and flats. The reason for this dilemma is often a result of peoples fears.

Residents often become fearful of attack to their reputation, wallet and self. When speaking to neighbours, it pays to begin by asking them for their help. Most people love to help, but any hint of blame often results in you being stonewalled.

Inherited Rat Infestations

With over 80% of our customers reporting issues shortly after moving into a property, the chances of you inheriting a rat infestation is more common than ever. Check behind kitchen unit plinths, inspect loft spaces for discarded bait trays and be careful – traps may still be set!

Any unusual smells close to the suspected source of a rodent sighting could reveal that drains have failed or blocked. Smells are also a sign that the rats are using your underfloor voids as a toilet!

Flea infestations could also be involved! We have visited at least a dozen properties where customers were being bitten by fleas. The flea bites stopped shortly after the rodents were controlled.

Follow the steps above, and you should quickly discover the source of your issue. Good Luck!

Learn more about rats 0117 369 9909

The Ultimate Guide to Getting Rid of Rats in Your Home

Sat, 10 Dec 2022 20:57:00 GMT

How To Get Rid of Rats Ethically and avoid dead rats!

Rats are sneaky creatures that can easily find their way into your home, and once they do, they can cause a lot of damage and spread disease. If you have a rat problem in your home, it’s important to take action as soon as possible. In this guide, we’ll go over everything you need to know to get rid of rats in your home for good.

To get rid of rats in your home you need to understand rats and why they are there. Rats enter homes for very simple reasons that include, food, shelter, and somewhere safe to raise their young.

Understanding the Behaviour of Rats

To effectively get rid of rats, it's important to understand their behaviour. Rats are social animals that live in groups and are constantly on the lookout for food and shelter. They have sharp teeth and are excellent climbers, so they can easily access your home through small gaps and holes.

Every rat population and infestation of rats will begin life this way. So controlling rats is more about exclusion than it is killing rats.

We intuitively know that rats are a serious health risk because rats carry disease, yet we fail time and time again to secure our homes against unwanted visitors. We cover no less 20 twenty of the common ways rats get into your home below and we could make the list longer!

Preventing Rats from Entering Your Home

The first step in getting rid of rats is to prevent them from entering your home in the first place. To do this, you should:

Seal any cracks and holes in your walls and foundation
Install weather stripping or brush-strip around doors and windows
Store food in airtight containers
Keep your kitchen clean and free of crumbs
Keep your yard free of piles of leaves and other debris
Empty the toaster tray
Empty the sink
Take up dog and cat bowls in between feeds or at night
Make sure cat and dog flaps are secure
Ensure external vents have secure covers
Keep windows and doors closed
Ensure climbing plants don't reach gutters or the roof
Secure any broken air bricks or cast iron wall vents with steel mesh covers
Seal all gaps around door and window frames
Check all doors to ensure there are no gaps over 5mm underneath
Cut back any branches overhanging and resting on your roof
If you are joined to another property, check theirs too!

Removing food sources and emptying sources of water is also a good idea to make life less conducive for rats. Rats are quite big and need a reliable source of food and water. If you deny these rodent pests access to what they need, rats will often leave without rat traps or rat poisons being used.

5 reasons you don’t want a rat infestation in the house

Rat infestations are common and often very challenging to solve quickly and easily without help and advice from a professional pest management company like ours. In some cases, rats will have entered your property in one of the following ways outlined next.

20 Ways Rats Get Into Your Home

It’s easy to see how a rat problem can easily start and how rat populations establish themselves so quickly and easily! Most of the above avenues of entry used by rats can be solved inexpensively in simple steps.

By remediating the above issues you should prevent further rodent control issues in the future. Exclusion is always the most humane form of control for both you and the rats.

Should You Use Rat Poison or Rat Traps?

Neither! You don’t need dead rats, you need no rats! Your first task is to reach for a torch and try to identify how rats have entered your home.

Rodenticide & Professional Help

Professional pest control companies often get rid of rats by baiting with single feed poisons or rat bait (one feed is a lethal dose). One advantage these rodent baits have over products available to amateur users (multi-feed poison) is they bring on an intense thirst in the rodent, effectively driving them out of your home, to a source of water.

Once rodents have been given time to exit, remedial proofing and repairs can be carried out with the minimum likelihood that you will be trapping rodents on your side of the repair.

Sometimes rats will be found alive or dead in toilets because that is the only available source of water. This is most common in situations where a physical structure (a door?) has been placed between a foraging rat and its way back out the way it came in.

Baits will often be placed in bags, bait trays or sometimes in bait boxes (bait stations) to keep it safe from children, vulnerable adults and pets.

rodent bait should always be viewed as a last resort for rat control externally because of the risks to non target animals that are themselves the prey of owls and other birds of prey. Secondary poisoning is a very real issue and if we want to prevent rats without putting pressure on non-target species, we must consider alternatives that help us get rid of rats without poisons first.

No bait for rats will get rid of rats instantly or kill rats instantly. Many rats will be patrolling a set route every day. They will know where food can be found and will always be looking for better resources and harbourage.

A rat infestation in your home or garden often takes a month or more to develop and a large infestation in your home or garden may take three to six months, assuming conditions are optimal for reproductive success.

A Garden with areas that are overgrown can provide cover for significant infestations to develop unseen and is a key reason why any adjoining garden should be considered in any inspection process.

Get Rid of Single Rats With Rat Traps

A traditional rat trap (snap traps) will be one of the first things people buy to get rid of rats in their home, but they often use peanut butter or cheese! The best bait is dark chocolate (70% + cocoa)! You need to melt one edge of the chocolate so it sticks itself to the trap and can’t be easily removed. This significantly increases catch rates in most situations.

Also, be sure to secure the trap with a piece of wire to prevent a trapped rodent from dragging it off and dying in a location from which you can’t retrieve it.

Avoid humane traps unless you are confident you have the capacity to destroy the animal humanly yourself. Glue boards are a last resort for professionals and should be avoided by amateur users.

Holistic Rat Control

For generations, we have seen how rats and mice have been persuaded to stay away from our homes with natural remedies. These include pepper spray, or you could place peppermint oil drops everywhere, or sprinkle crushed pepper nearby or cover food items in chilli powder and cayenne pepper.

From experience, we know these don’t work at getting rid of rats effectively. If holistic alternatives including ultrasonic devices and strobes worked as well as advertised, we would not have a thriving pest control industry.

Rat populations quickly adapt to things like this and although we think these things should be tried, we remain to be convinced of the efficacy of these products and substances in both rodent control and reducing rat populations.

Keep Rats Away From Your Home

Prevention is always better than the cure! Domestic animals like dogs will often be your first indicators of visitors in a family garden.

Even the neighbour’s cat will be useful in identifying external areas of rodent activity. Just watch and observe where the pets spend most of their time sitting, waiting or starring in your garden or around your home – there is always a reason and it’s often that they have picked up on the established routes used by rats in and around your home.

Rats are attracted to your garden by

garden sheds (offering shelter and maybe stored bird feed)
compost bins (food waste)
storage bins (overflowing or damaged)
bird feeders (spilled seed)
fruit trees (fallen, apples, plums, damsons and pears)
nut trees (hazelnuts and wall nuts)
ponds (freshwater, especially in a heatwave or cold weather)
chickens (spilt feed)
guinea pigs (spilt feed and bedding)
rabbits, wooden decking (concealed drains and building faults)
Remember, the same features in your neighbour’s gardens could all be sources of rat and rodent activity.

These are all places a professional pest controller will be looking or considering during a rat control inspection.

Removing clutter and items leaning against the exterior walls is very useful to ensure we can see the entire perimeter clearly. When the outside is cluttered up, entry points can be easily missed!

Collecting up fallen fruit, pausing bird feeding and pausing the use of compost bins during periods of identified external rat activity is easily among the most effective ways to deter or stop rats externally. Removing an easy food source that will attract rats wanting to consume it will always help you get rid of rats.

We believe that excess bird food availability during the pandemic lockdowns was a driving force behind an increased rat presence in gardens during the summer of 2020. The rat population seemed to spike.

Fortunately, it’s really very simple – keep your garden in good order and your children and pets get to enjoy it rodent-free!

How Do You Know You Have Rats?

The Norway rat ( Rattus norvegicus ) is a large rodent, up to 18 inches long including the tail. Norway rats are resourceful and intelligent mammals that require a regular supply of food and water to thrive.

Gnawing, scratching, screeching, squeaking and scurrying will often be the very first indication of activity in cavity walls, attic spaces, crawl spaces, floor voids and ceilings.

Sometimes it will be a strange smell coming from a bedroom or beneath a floor or even your airing cupboard. Pellet shaped droppings are slightly larger than a grain of rice and adults will sometimes produce droppings larger than date stones!

Fresh droppings are usually light brown in colour and shiny but quickly darken to almost black. Older droppings may even have mould on them.

Damage or gnawing of electrical wires is among the most unwelcome tell tale signs of a rodent problem in your house. It always pays to have your consumer unit checked to ensure it has modern trip switches and isn’t a fire risk.

Rat smears, grease marks, tail marks and pad prints in dust deposits on top of cupboards and on top of white goods or stored items in attics or cellars is a sure sign of activity, but not always current activity. Fresh tracks are sometimes hard for non-professionals to spot.

Piles of shredded paper and other material under kitchen counters and baths is often a rats nest. Be careful because a protective female rat is not to be underestimated. This is one of the rare times a rat might bite you.

When you discover an active nest you should seriously consider contacting a professional pest controller for removal of the nest and baiting if required. Keep children and pets away until it is safe, especially if rodent baits are being used by professionals.

The Norway rat is distinctive as are the bait stations the industry uses. You might consider showing the bait stations to children so they know what they are, why they are needed and know not to touch them. Getting rid of rats can be beneficially educational.

Rats – Staying Safe From Disease

Kitchens will be the hot spot for rats, rat infestations and rat problems of all kinds. Rats quickly figure out where reliable food sources are. To protect yourself from Norway rats spreading diseases we recommend that you keep all foods safely stored in robust, sealed plastic or plastic alternative storage containers. Sealed containers should almost guarantee food remains safe.

Food safety and kitchen hygiene should be front and centre of everyone’s minds. Roof rats as the name suggests will easily get into countertops or find their way through the back of kitchen cabinets.

Bin security is also vital, so ensure all bins are emptied regularly and inspect them to ensure bins are closed properly with tight-fitting lids. Closed bins in commercial food premises make a huge difference and it should be no different in residential kitchens.

Rat Proofing & Exclusion

Rat proofing and exclusion against mice and Norway rats comes in two parts. First, you need to make sure that all entry points or rat contact points around the building are clearly identified with a thorough inspection.

All openings and small gaps need to be considered for proofing. Any gap over 10mm should ideally be sealed. Mice and juvenile rats will get through small gaps easily. Juvenile rats are routinely misidentified as mice, so for efficacy, both should be treated as one, for the sake of effective proofing.

Proofing against rats is carried out using sealants, expanding foam, steel mesh (they can gnaw through aluminium), wire wool, ultra-rapid cement and concrete. All of these items could be obtained at local hardware stores or DIY outlets.

Simply seal gaps around your house as you go and in most cases, proofing is unlikely to take more than a few hours.

Spider Bites UK

Sat, 10 Dec 2022 19:45:00 GMT

Spider Bites UK

Dangerous Spiders In The UK

Spider bites in the UK are common, but a small number of native spiders – the tube web spider & false widow spider – inflict a nasty bite. Spider bites occur when the spiders’ fangs (attached to the chelicerae) penetrate the skin.

Bites leave behind bilateral puncture marks and the victim may show signs and symptoms that include swelling, redness, infection, nausea, sweating and dizziness.

We could spin you a narrative that reflects many peoples’ opinions on the web, that these spiders pose zero danger to you and that they don’t bite.

Unfortunately, the body of research available on these spiders clearly demonstrates that spider bites in the UK do occur and with mild to severe symptoms.

However, we’ve seen no evidence of spiders in the UK causing deaths, but you might know something we don’t? Let us know.

The Most Common Biting Spiders In The UK

Tube Web Spiders ( Segestria sp.) and the False Widow Spiders ( Steatoda sp.) are among the most common biting spiders in the UK. Strangely these two spider species originated beyond our shores so could be described as non-native!

The fauna and flora of the British Isles contain countless examples of animals and plants that would have been considered invasive species at some point in their history.

Unfortunately, many of the spiders blamed for biting humans and pets never get identified. Many experts we speak to agree that Misidentification used to be a big problem. Today, the online resources now available are making identification much easier, but it’s still not perfect.

Safely collecting a spider for ID after it has just bitten you will undoubtedly be challenging. From experience, we know that most arachnids get squashed beyond recognition within seconds of biting.

Early and appropriate first aid for spider bites is vital, especially for people with a known allergy or anaphylactic susceptibility to bites from spiders.

Tube Web Spiders ( Segestria florentina )

Segestria florentina was first described by the Italian scientist Pietro Rossi in 1790. Pietro was born in Florence in 1738 and went on to become the world first professor of entomology in 1801.

Three well-known species of tube web spider live in the UK, and Segestria florentina is among them. This spider is powerful, robust and looks quite menacing.

A distinctive feature of this spiders anatomy is the green colouration of the chelicerae or front palps that house the fangs. It’s not known what benefits this colouration has for the spider, but one idea might be that it attracts prey. It is not regarded as useful in mating.

During the day, you rarely see these spiders because they are predominantly nocturnal. At night you can use a torch to look at tubes of web around doorframes, window frames, ventilation bricks, etc.

The spiders become more common indoors as the winter temperatures begin to bite, from October onwards. Houses with exposed wooden floorboards seem to be especially prone to inviting spiders into warm, occupied rooms!

These spiders are very efficient hunters, so although scary to look at, they make lovely house guests if you have pests of other kinds wandering through, under or within your house.

How Dangerous Are UK Tube Web Spiders

Segestria florenitina has poor vision, so relies on vibrations and acoustic signals to identify when prey is touching one of the tubes trigger hairs.

Because the spider has poor vision it can’t tell the difference between a threat and a meal, so anyone disturbing this species is likely to get bitten.

Bites are painful but not severe. However, some reports suggest that blistering may occur with numbness and moderate to severe swelling.

One confirmed bite that we witnessed resulted in nothing more than a painful but intensely itchy bite site, so as with all bites and stings, it depends on how susceptible the victim is to the venom.

Noble False Widow Spider ( Steatoda nobilis )

Noble false widow spiders have become the best known and best-reported species of biting spider in the UK. This species is described as a European combfoot spider, commonly encountered in the southern half of the British Isles. It was first recorded by the Swedish arachnologist Tord Thorell in 1875.

It’s thought the species originated in the Canary Islands, Madeira or the Azores and hitched a ride on cargo ships travelling to southern ports. Indeed, the southern climate is more conducive to these spiders based on their southerly distribution.

The UK has several species that are well documented and studied, but the Noble False Widow appears to cause the majority of severe bites. It also attracts media coverage to rival its more dangerous relative, the Black Widow.

Below is the real Black Widow with a distinctive red hourglass shape on its underside. Occasionally these spiders show up in imported produce from overseas, but there are no recorded populations of the in the UK.

How Dangerous Are False Widow Spiders

It won’t take long to find a self-certified spider guru telling you that spider bites in the UK are a myth, they don’t bite, won’t bite or reactions to bites get exaggerated.

Reactions to bites from this species are called steatodism. The very fact that their bites have a formal term tells you not to be complacent.

Our advice is to take any bite (envenomation) seriously until you are confident no severe reaction is developing. False widow spiders have venom containing α-Latrotoxin (α-LTX) along with other Latrodectus like toxins in smaller concentrations than the better known black widow spider. α-Latrotoxin causes neuromuscular paralysis in prey that includes small vertebrates.

Bites will be painful (7/10) and will almost always result in a small amount of localised swelling and irritation. The venom in these spiders could cause significant reactions in some people so as already mentioned, stay vigilant and monitor the severity and range of the swelling. Bites from this species are described as of moderate medical importance.

Taking photos of bites is an excellent way to record reactions to bites accurately. drawing a line around the bite site also shows if the reaction is spreading further into surrounding tissues or up and long a limb.

Bite complications in humans have involved an unlikely partner of the spider. The spiders carry either on their bodies or in their venom a number of multi-drug resistant strains of bacteria . This has caused the UK’s only case of arachnidism – systemic poisoning from a spider bite.

Treatments include analgesics to help with pain, antibiotics to tackle bacterial infection and antihistamines to subdue any allergic reaction.

Localised necrosis or tissue death is a rare side effect but common symptoms that include pain, itching, lethargy and inflammation could last several days.

Get Rid Of Biting Spiders

Spiders like all animals will attempt to defend themselves if disturbed, so leaving spiders to do their own thing makes perfect sense.

Segestria florentina and the Noble false widow fall into the category of wildlife described as synanthropic. The term synanthropic describes animals which benefit from a close association with humans. Warm homes in the cold of winter offer huge survival benefits!

So we established that spiders love our homes and outbuildings, but how do we exclude or deter them? We start with their food and how these spiders get into your house.

Removing the insects’ the spiders prey on reduces the likelihood of excessive spider activity in your home. Woodlice , cluster flies , silverfish , ground beetles and carpet moths all make for a super spider sized snack.

Achieving spider blitzing results requires a vacuum and some intensive housekeeping in those hard to reach areas! A well-managed clutter clean together with better storage is also going to make peoples homes less resource-rich to spiders.

Outside you should get to grips with some frame sealant or filler foam. Focus on the gaps around doors, windows, wall fixtures, and defects in brickwork, rendering and cladding. Reducing the number of entry points and potential sites for new spider webs is essential.

Ventilation bricks should also be covered with mesh covers to prevent easy entry to the wall and floor cavities.

Doors should be fitted with draught excluder strip to prevent ingress under external facing doors.

There is almost no guaranteed way of preventing spiders from accessing your property because they can climb where you can’t. Each of the steps described above reduces human conflict with spiders for the most ethical results.

Preventing Spider Bites

If you plan to empty rooms or storage areas where the spiders are present, wear gloves to protect your hands.

Drain inspection chambers also carry biting spiders. Lifting the lid on these and other similar sites with gloves make a bite less likely. If you have been bitten by a spider we recommend you contact NHS direct or appropriate medical professionals for guidance.

Thank you for reading our article – spider bites UK, the Noble false widow and Segestria florentina . We hope it was helpful.

Do Mice Harm You? | Pale Horse

Sat, 10 Dec 2022 19:04:00 GMT

Do Mice Harm You?

How Mice Harm Humans In The UK

How Harmful Are Mice To Humans?

Our Bristol Mouse Control Service routinely discovers mouse infestations that could pose a risk to human health.

Mice might be the tiny little creatures of fairytales and cartoons, but they are also a public health menace that threatens the safety and welfare of humans worldwide and not just in the UK or Bristol. Mice found in the UK include:

Wood Mouse
Yellow-Necked Field Mouse
House Mouse
Harvest Mouse

All have the potential to carry disease, but it is the house mouse and field mouse that are the most likely in our homes and businesses.

Mice have a habit that makes them particularly hazardous to your health and this is a mouse behaviour often overlooked and underreported.

Fortunately, it’s an animal behaviour we know well. It’s why experts in environmental health make short work of businesses that have mouse problems because the disease transmission and contamination risk is so high and so likely.

Mice are not incontinent of urine and faeces, but they will deposit bodily fluids on the surfaces they come into contact with as a means of communicating chemically with other mice. This also means that every mouse that passes over a food preparation surface may inevitably leave behind the unwanted gift of disease.

How Easily Do Mice Transmit Diseases To Humans

In practice, the likelihood of mouse to human transmission is very low but the transmission does occur readily, especially in. properties with high mouse populations that remain uncontrolled for prolonged periods.

Mouse borne diseases and parasites.

Diseases Carried & Transmitted By Mice In The UK

Salmonella – Severe and sometimes fatal food poisoning.
Tularemia – If bitten by a rodent, tularemia bacteria can attack your immune system and lungs.
Leptospirosis – Weil’s disease – a notifiable disease leading to multi-organ failure and death.
E.coli 0157 – This frightening disease from rodent faeces causes renal failure and intestinal bleeding.
Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus – Viral Meningitis that starts innocently like the flu.
Plague – Very rare in this country but cannot be excluded from thought.

How Mice Spread Parasites & Diseases

Routes of Disease Transmission Include

Biting – you, your children, family, pets or livestock Urine & Droppings

Infecting your groceries and work surfaces with urine and over 30 droppings each night

Being eaten – by your pets

Contaminating – pets and your pet’s food and water

Spreading blood-sucking parasites like fleas, bed bugs and mites

Contaminating – water supplies, especially where they fall into water tanks

Those Most At Risk From Mouse Disease Include Children, Pregnant Women, The Elderly and people Convalescing.

So mice harm humans, making mice a pest in need of serious control. Humane pest control of rodents and mice is very easy – it’s called exclusion.

If a mouse can’t enter your property you will have no problem with mice again. Sadly this is not a practical reality for those living in terraces, blocks of flats or semi-detached properties.

Non-Target Species and Rodenticide (Poison)

Although traps are effective in the control of mice, it is poison that most people will reach for first, or call professionals. Poisons or rodenticides should always be used as a last resort.

Over many decades poison has found its way into the food chain and caused damage to birds of prey and other natural rodent predators.

having a professional pest control inspection for your mouse problem could seem a little futile to begin with, but it’s often money well spent. Sometimes the solution to the problem is cheaper and easier to fix than you might expect and if you want to do the control yourself, you will be armed with the very best advice.

How Do You Control House Mice?

Exclusion measures, traps and poisons are the most common treatment options. For more information, please contact our Bristol pest control specialists, CALL 0117 369 9909

In most cases mouse control is very quick and effective, making your home safer, faster!

Pale Horse Pest Control – Local Places And Areas Our Pest Control Service Covers

Bristol – Clevedon – Portishead – St Annes – St Pauls – Bath – Sneyd Park – Fishponds – Eastville – Easton – Frenchay – Filton – Westbury – Stoke Bishop – Stoke Park – Southville – Long Ashton – Patchway – Bradley Stoke

Apple Flea Weevils - Rhynchaenus pallicornis - Pale Horse Pest Control

Sat, 10 Dec 2022 16:40:00 GMT

Apple Flea Weevils

What Are Apple Flea Weevils?

Apple Flea Weevils ( Rhynchaenus pallicornis ) are small, dull, snout beetles and have nothing to do with fleas . Apple flea weevils are pests of economic importance. Orchards with the worst affected trees were found in unmanaged orchards or orchards managed using organic practices.

The adult weevils are highly mobile and can fly between host plants. Weevils overwinter beneath or close to the host plants and emerge as budburst occurs.

As much as 60% of leaves were affected by the weevils with less activity noted on leaves close to the trunk.

Apple Flea Weevils Life Cycle

The weevils initially feed on the buds and newly developing leaves of apple trees in the spring, then when the leaves are about two-thirds grown, the weevils begin laying eggs along the leaves midribs.

The apple flea weevil larvae then feed by burrowing or mining their way through the leaf, between its layers to its margins, where they pupate before finally emerging as adult weevils in May and June.

There is just one generation per year, so newly emerged weevils quickly begin feeding for a few weeks before going into torpor until the following spring.

As the leaves mature they can appear blistered and have small holes like that of birdshot through them. The yellow-brown larvae of the apple flea weevil can cause significant damage to the expected yield.

Damage resulted in a corresponding yield loss if the weevils were not controlled. Yield loss exceeding 90% in some organically managed orchards has made producers keen to find effective means of control.

Other tree species under attack by this nuisance garden pest include hazelnut, elm, hawthorn, cherry and crab apples.

How To Control Apple Flea Weevils

Sticky and pheromone traps have not proved to be effective in controlling this weevil and pesticides do work but make organic control obsolete.

The alternatives researchers have been looking at concern the role that hymenopteran parasites could play.

Recent research showed several parasitic wasp species attacking larvae and this might also be true of the adults. Sticky traps were useful for surveillance sampling.

Bristol Pest Control – Tel: 0117 369 9909

Learn more about the apple flea weevil

Cat Flea Life-Cycle

Sat, 10 Dec 2022 13:32:00 GMT

Revealed: The Cat Fleas Life-Cycle

The life cycle of a cat flea ( Ctenocephalides felis ) begins when adults (both male and female bite) find a warm-blooded host. A host is a living animal on which a parasite like a cat flea feeds .

Fleas are described as ectoparasites, meaning they feed on the hosts’ blood externally.

Fleas feed on humans where genetically appropriate hosts (a cat) are absent, but this significantly impacts the fleas fertility.

Consequently, if the cat flea feeds on anything but a cat, it will find it difficult to develop viable eggs.

Once fleas latch onto a host, they move vertically to acquire a suitable feeding site to extract a blood meal.

What Do Cat Flea Eggs Look Like?

A female cat flea has been successfully mated and appropriately fed at this stage in the life cycle. She begins laying eggs at a rate of twenty or so per day.

Cat fleas usually lay eggs on the host animal, but eggs quickly fall off because they have no viscosity. As the cat moves around, eggs drop onto floor coverings, bedding and sofas, etc.

The cat flea will lay many hundreds of eggs during her lifetime, which could be as long as a year!

The average figures suggest that most fleas will be fortunate to live a few weeks. But as with all things in the natural world – there is always an exception to the rule.

Cat fleas eggs are very small and difficult to see without the aid of a magnifier.

Typically the cat fleas eggs are; 0.2mm in length, oval in shape; light cream in colour; and hatch within a few days. This will Depend on how conducive prevailing environmental conditions are at the time of laying.

What Do Cat Flea Larvae Look Like?

At this stage of the fleas life-cycle, larvae will have distinctive features. Cat flea larvae have a brown head with a couple of small antennae, followed by thirteen body segments and two projections from the rear end called anal struts.

The body is light brown in colour, and the segments have hairs projecting from them.

Larvae are big enough to be seen relatively easily by the naked eye because they grow to 5mm long.

The important thing to remember about the larvae is that they tend to develop in dark, undisturbed places. These low foot-fall areas keep the larvae safe from trampling feet, bright light and your vacuum.

These places must be the first to be intensively vacuumed before considering any flea treatment.

It’s widely reported that flea larvae must consume a quantity of what is termed flea dirt (dried blood that has been digested by the adult cat flea and deposited on surfaces as faeces).

As the larvae mature, they pass through two or three moults or instars.

This portion of the cat fleas life cycle lasts for a few weeks. However, this can be prolonged. If environmental conditions are not conducive, the process could take eight months!

The larval stage of the life cycle is where the fleas are at their most vulnerable. Small fluctuations in humidity and temperature could negatively impact the survival of the larvae.

Unfortunately, the adults have few such concerns.

What Happens to the Flea Larvae

Once mature, flea larvae quickly construct a silken cocoon in which they pupate and develop into an adult cat flea.

The time that it takes to develop into an adult flea is dependent on the quality of the environmental conditions. In most cases, it will take from a week to 14 days.

This is not the end of the story, though – read on.

Cat Flea Life-Cycle Stages – Adult Fleas Emerge?

Adult fleas might be ready to feed, but they won’t hatch unless they receive the right stimulus.

Adult fleas can sense all that is going on around them. This is in part due to a highly specialised sensory organ in the fleas posterior called the sensilium .

The adult fleas will emerge in response to vibration, carbon dioxide or fluctuations in humidity.

Very often, fleas can remain ready to emerge from their cocoons for as long as a year.

Properties where nothing has set foot in them for weeks or even months pose an unpleasant prospect. If infested cats have been present, it is horrible. Open windows/cat flaps allow feral and/or untreated cats to enter and deposit fleas and flea eggs.

When this happens, hundreds, or in sporadic cases, thousands of fleas emerge within moments of each other.

At this stage of the life cycle, the fleas will be hungry—they start crawling vertically up the inside of trousers, where they feed covertly before dropping off.

Dog Fleas

Sat, 10 Dec 2022 10:58:00 GMT

What Are Dog Fleas?

Dog fleas ( Ctenocephalides canis ) are the UK’s second most common flea. Cat fleas hold the number one spot.

A dog flea’s astonishing ability to jump one hundred times its height helps it leap easily onto a passing host (you or your pet dog).

If you are struggling to control a dog flea infestation, understanding a fleas life cycle is essential.

Can a Person Get Fleas From A Dog?

A Dogs fleas have no hesitation feeding on you or any other human unlucky enough to become their host. Humans are not a genetic host, but fleas will happily indulge in human blood meal if the opportunity arises.

Fleas only jump when it’s light. Once on you, fleas quickly crawl up your legs and get under your clothing to feed covertly.

What Else Might Be Biting You?

Fleas are just one species of insect inflicting multiple bites in an attempt to gain a blood meal from beneath your skin!

The Bedbug is another insect we see routinely biting humans. We have a page dedicated to bites from Bedbugs you might find useful.

When Dog Fleas Bite You

Severe skin reactions to the substances in this flea’s saliva are common, causing us to scratch, a medical phenomenon called pruritus .

Persistent scratching breaks the delicate and inflamed skin. When the skin begins to heal and scabs over, it regularly becomes infected. Infected skin lesions are unpleasant and periodically lead to permanent scarring.

Diseases Transmitted by Dog Fleas

Have you ever considered what happens if you swallow a flea? Probably nothing – but suppose you are a child, and your digestive system is not so robust as a healthy adult.

Guess what’s coming in with that infected flea? You likely thought disease, but it’s the developing stages of an 18inch long tapeworm called a cucumber worm ( Dipylidium caninum ).

Freaked out yet? You should be! Dog fleas have some unusual traits, but they always come with a warning because it’s the children or other vulnerable people most at risk from flea-borne parasitic, viral and bacterial infection.

Infection is not common but becomes more likely in premises where fleas are only partially controlled, if at all.

How Will I Know My Dog Has Fleas?

Animals infested with fleas become increasingly animated and start avoiding parts of your home that are the worst affected.

Pests even try to avoid going back into your property. Dogs are usually observed biting themselves and scratching repeatedly.

A flea comb helps you spot fleas on your dog, and you or others in your house might be getting bitten.

Flea dirt is also usually present, which looks like coffee grounds or black dust within the fur. Check around the ears, abdomen, lower back and tail.

How Often Should Dogs Be Treated For Fleas?

When deciding when to treat your dog for fleas, many factors, such as age and environment, come into play. Your vet is always the best person to determine this and administer or prescribe flea control products.

Shop-bought sprays, spot-on treatments and ultrasonic plug-in devices have their place, but experience shows us how unreliable these can be. Why waste hundreds of products that your vet has not directly prescribed? Always put safety first and trust your vet.

Most dogs will be treated at least every 8-12 weeks, and flea treatments are not just for fleas. Most formulations have active ingredients that protect your dog from more dangerous parasites like ticks.

Flea treatments for dogs come in topical spot-on treatments, pills, medicated shampoos and powders.

How Long Does Dog Flea Control Take?

Most medicated products applied by a vet or otherwise are active within 48 hours. Topical treatments work immediately, with efficacy improving over a few days. Oral medications will show effects within hours.

Never be distracted, though! Most fleas are in your home as maturing pupae, larvae or eggs, so the medications for your dog deal only with the adult fleas.

How To Get Rid Of Dog Fleas In Your Home?

The first question; “where do fleas come from?”.

Partial control is a widespread problem. Doing a little every so often can profoundly surpass the costs of professional treatment. As professionals, we use the very best approaches, with the very safest, advanced control methodology.

10 Natural Remedies For Dog Fleas

The best home remedy flea control list.

Dog Fleas In Your Car

Fleas can infest your car. Being in a confined space with fleas means you might wake up the next day to find dozens of flea bites on your legs. You can’t see these biting parasites feeding on you when you are driving!

Parking your vehicle in full sunlight on a hot day with the windows closed will heat the interior sufficiently to kill every living thing inside.

The alternative to this is steam treatment or professionally applied flea control products.

What’s The Best Dog Flea Treatment?

You can waste oodles of cash on ineffective amateur treatments, or you can bring in experts like us and do it correctly ONCE!

Fumigation or ULV treatment offers a rapid knockdown of adult fleas but provides virtually no residual control, so you pay to “control fleas at that moment” and nothing more. By contrast, residual sprays target the dog fleas life cycle.

One advantage of fumigation over a spray treatment is its ability to penetrate the hard to reach areas found in cluttered rooms.

Residual sprays kill some fleas quickly but can’t be used on delicate materials, especially those damaged by water.

The flea spray should contain a residual insecticide with an IGR (Insect Growth Regulator). The IGR is focused on breaking the flea’s lifecycle and providing killing power for months.

In short – if you use one method, it is a toss-up between temporary relief or prolonged suffering for about four weeks. But if you want it sorted fast, then you need to employ the combined power of both.

Flea control products bought online and in the shops are often a sorry match for large infestations. Only professional products applied with an integrated methodology that include both fumigation and residual sprays.

Gooseberry Sawflies Nematus ribesii

Sat, 10 Dec 2022 10:38:00 GMT

Common Gooseberry Sawfly

What Are Gooseberry Sawflies?

The gooseberry sawfly ( Nematus ribesii) or Imported Currant Sawfly is the last insect herbivore pest you would want to find laying eggs on your lovely gooseberry bushes. The gooseberry sawfly is widespread across the United Kingdom and other temperate areas, where it is unsurprisingly common around its favourite food plants. Gardens, smallholdings and allotments will all be places you might discover this insect pest.

Sawflies are Hymenopteran, meaning they are related to wasps , ants and bees. Fortunately, sawflies don’t sting and sometimes get referred to as stingless wasps. The gooseberry sawfly belongs to the family Tenthredinidae , containing over 7500 species.

Adult sawflies are about 20mm long and green with black markings. Adults are on the wing from May to September, but each year is slightly different depending on the prevailing climate. Climate change raises the possibility of improved overwintering survival and more prolonged seasonal activity. Therefore, controlling this insect pest is imperative to ensure your gooseberry and current bushes remain protected in subsequent years.

Female sawflies lay their eggs on the underside of leaves, where they quickly hatch and begin devouring the abundant foliage. The gooseberry sawfly larvae or caterpillars have a voracious appetite for gooseberry, red currant and white currant leaves.

Complete defoliation often occurs with a resultant loss of your cherished fruits. The green larvae are easy to identify because of their distinctive black heads. Over the coming days, the larvae mature and spin silken cocoons before pupating and metamorphosising inside.

If conditions are conducive, the sawfly might have two to three broods or generations in a year. For this very reason, you must be diligent and check bushes regularly throughout the spring and summer.

Other sawflies associated with gooseberry and currant bushes include the black currant sawfly ( Nematus olfaciens ) and the pale spotted gooseberry sawfly ( Nematus leucotrochus ).

How To Control Gooseberry Sawflies

Natural Pest Control

Organic control is always the best option, but you should know in advance that the larvae of this sawfly have glands containing volatile compounds to help prevent predation from other insects and birds. Picking off affected leaves and larvae is easy if you have the time or only a few bushes.

Proactive Gooseberry Sawfly Control Measures

Other proactive measures revolve around reducing conditions that larvae or adult sawflies might find conducive. Training or pruning to ensure the stems and leaves are more open, easy to access and observe will help you spot problems early. Mulching and turning over the soil beneath the plants enables foraging insects and birds the chance to feed on any exposed cocoons and pupae.

Gooseberry Coverings and Barriers

Gooseberry netting and fleeces might also be helpful but are rarely a match for daily visual checks and care.

Biological Pest Control

Another option is the use of nematodes ( Steinernema feltiae ). These microscopic roundworms or sawfly killers are sprayed directly onto larvae or the larvae foodplants.

Once ingested or inside the host larvae, bacteria are produced, killing the larvae, allowing the nematodes to feed o the liquifying contents and reproduce. One disadvantage is that they are sometimes considered expensive and have a short shelf life once opened.

Pesticides

If things get worse, it might be time to reach for the pesticides! Most people growing gooseberries and currents will have probably imagined an organic or biodynamic growing experience, so pesticides are often an unpalatable last resort.

Companion Plants for Gooseberries

Companion plants could be one more control method to consider. Companion plants encourage predatory insects to visit or provide other benefits to your gooseberries, like helping to fix nitrogen in the soil so your gooseberries can access it. Companion plants include onions, chives and beans.

Gooseberry Recipe

With all that we have revealed in this article, we hope you enjoy your currents and gooseberries. We want to recommend a gooseberry, and vanilla custard tart recipe for you that we think is quite delicious!

The Best Rat Control System - FREE?

Sat, 10 Dec 2022 09:51:00 GMT

Free Rat Control System: Never Have Rats In Your Home Again

The Most Effective Rat Control System?

If the exclusion of rats is possible, then do you need to control rats?

Exclusion is always the primary end goal of rat control because exclusion avoids the destructive, wasteful and inhumane system of BAIT-STINK-FLIES-REPEAT.

The pest control industry trains people to find the rats, kill them as quickly as possible and monitor for further activity and eliminate them as required.

Unfortunately, treatments miss the point. Exclusion is the game!

Exclusion avoids the need to kill any more pests. A win-win!

The Problem With Rat Control

I was so excited to get started, but over the following three years, I would get call after call from disgruntled, desperate customers that I had failed.

I felt like garbage. Then one day, I had the courage to tell a customer what I really thought.

A £7000.00 insurance claim later, and my customer was thrilled.

But it gets better. I also had a groundworks expert who helped me map out the ultimate rat control system.

At this point, I coined the term that has come to define the failing system the industry makes its money on. It is the industries dirty little secret . They call it best practice.

What Do Customers Love About This System?

This Rat Control System Is More Humane

Professional pest control often gets bad press as a never-ending cycle of Bait-Stink-Flies-Repeat! If you exclude the rats, surely you should no longer need to kill them? Exclusion, removal and control of “at-risk” food supplies ensure you only require control once.

This Rat Control System Helps Avoid The Stink & Flies Of Dead Rodents

Baiting for a short period before proofing ensures rodents have the chance to leave your property before they die or are affected by lethal control measures.

This Rat Control System Reduces Rodenticide Use

Bait should be a last resort and a one-time option. Indiscriminate use of rodenticides is dangerous and harmful to the environment. If you need to keep baiting, you have not identified or do not control the source.

This System Saves You Money

Many customers we visit have often had rat problems in their properties for many years. Customers will go through many different pest control providers and make little to no progress. Reasons that pest controllers repeatedly come up with routinely reflect a poor understanding of drainage and building construction pertinent to rat control. This lack of understanding costs homeowners thousands in redundant pest control treatments, repairs, remediation and sadly, house sales.

This Rat Control System Saves Time

Most rat problems never get solved! Our average customer is rat-free forever in less than 14 days.

This Rat Control System Protects Your Health

Every time a rodent comes into your home, the result is cumulative damage from gnawing, droppings, urine and even insect parasites that could easily feed on you, especially rat fleas. As droppings dry, particles can become airborne, with a risk to respiratory health. Urine left on floors and kitchen countertops is another common-sense risk people often overlook.

This System Supports Ethical Pest Control

The industry is slowly changing, and some highly experienced pest control operators are entering the field with advanced diagnostic solutions for drains and more. This rebirth of the industry is extremely encouraging, but still represents a tiny fraction of pest control businesses. For this reason, you need to shop around for a specialist who clearly understands structural rat ingress routes and how to solve them.

This Rat Control System Prevents Rats from Becoming Trapped In Your Home

One massive mistake made, again and again, is the knee-jerk reaction of filling holes too soon. Entry points are also exit points. If you seal before you bait or trap, the rodents have only one place to pass away – in your home. The stench of a dead rodent can be so unbearable it often causes homeowners to vacate their homes for a few weeks while the smell dissipates.

This Rat Control System Helps Avoid A Plague Of Flies

Dead rodents often equal flies. The mass emergence of flies is very common and, although distressing, should not be discounted. Flies are nature's cleaners, and they are the reason the smell subsides. Blooms of flies often last about a week, with the bulk of flies appearing over just a few days. The best way to get rid of the flies is with a vacuum. a) Clean out your vacuum cylinder. b) Suck up as many flies as you can see. c) Empty the cylinder in the garden. Simple! It’s always tempting to grab the fly spray, but breathing in fly spray can’t be good for anyone.

This Rat Control System Protects and Lasts

Identifying the true source of a rat infestation and remediating it is one of the most self-cleansing investments a person will make in a property. The relief of knowing that rats from that source will never again trouble you, your property or be the cause of unexpected bills is a super feeling.

This Rat Control System Is An Investment

With 80% of our customers reporting that a rat problem has been present from the day they moved into their home, it is clear to see how many people give up on these issues and move home. The average cost of moving house in 2019, based on selling a house for £350K and buying for 350K within a 10-mile radius, is over £15000.00! The average cost of our services to solve the problem is just a tenth of that cost.

This Rat Control System Raises Standards

Once you understand this process fully, you can never go back to the old ways of controlling rats. It will never again be acceptable or palatable. Consumers are the best leverage, and encouraging more pest control operators to get involved in technical rat control will make a huge difference. Knowing you have helped a customer solve issues like this is fantastic because you know you’ve made a lasting difference to the quality of another person’s life—the ultimate WIN-WIN

Good Luck!

What Do Rodent Droppings Look Like?

Sat, 10 Dec 2022 09:51:00 GMT

What Do Rodent Droppings Look Like?

Rat Droppings Vs Mouse Droppings

Rodent droppings quickly reveal the presence of sewer rats and mice in your house . Mouse droppings look like black grains of rice. Brown Rat droppings are 1/2 – 1 inch and appear light brown when fresh but quickly darken as they dry.

Rat Droppings

A Brown Rat ( Rattus norvegicus ) infestation will deposit at least 20-40 rat droppings each day and a large amount of strong-smelling urine. Over just a few weeks, the smell from the rat urine and faeces will be noticeable to anyone entering the house who is unaccustomed to the smell.

Rat Droppings tend to appear in tight clusters because rats are creatures of habit and routinely establish a latrine of sorts within their environment.

Where To Look For Rat Droppings

Mouse Droppings

House mice produce 50 – 75 black, tapered droppings a night and these small tapered Mouse faeces in attics often get confused with those from bats. Wearing a pair of protective gloves, you can quickly test the droppings. Droppings produced by bats should crumble to dust, while putty-like droppings indicate rats, mice, or other rodents have been present.

Shrews, field mice, wood mice and voles will sometimes find their way into a property. Be prepared for surprises, especially if you have cats bringing captured animals indoors!

What makes mouse droppings such a problem is the urine that goes with it. Mice are incontinent of urine, meaning they spread disease-causing bacteria throughout their range. Food hygiene needs to be of paramount importance during control to limit any cross-infection.

Where To Look For Mouse Droppings

Droppings: Cleaning & Disinfection

It’s vital to ensure areas with active infestations have droppings removed as often as possible. Rodent dropping removal enables you to track and determine the presence of rodents or the scale of any infestation. Deep cleaning also keeps you safer and delivers a valuable psychological boost, protecting you from diseases carried and transmitted by rats and mice .

10 Deep Cleaning Tips For Rat & Mouse Infestations

12 Steps To Effective Rat & Mouse Removal

10 Foods Wasps Eat

Sat, 10 Dec 2022 09:42:00 GMT

What Do Wasps Eat?

What’s A Wasps Favourite Meal?

Wasps eat many different foods, but here are the top ten foods wasps eat.

The typical black and yellow wasps we most often encounter and recognise as a stinging pest belong to a group of wasps called paper wasps. This group includes the European Hornet .

Like all living things, wasps eat specific foods. These foods enable wasps to thrive. Liquids and solids will forage foods from various sources, making the adult wasps omnivorous or not restricted to a specific nutritional source.

Paper wasps hunt a wide variety of insect prey, including flying insects (insectivorous) and caterpillars we might also describe as garden pests.

Nature has equipped wasps with a barbless sting, designed to be used multiple times for defence and subduing captured prey. Wasp venom has many different qualities depending on species. You might react differently to the sting of each species, and the UK has ten wasp species ! Understanding how different people react to wasp stings explains why o ur Bristol wasp control service is sometimes a necessity.

Once the adult wasp locates suitable prey, it grasps and injects the prey with venom. The venom quickly kills or disables caterpillars, spiders, and insects. Then with ruthless efficiency, the victim is dissected and returned to the nest to be fed to larvae.

Wasps will often target flying insects on horses, cattle, flowering plants and even high protein meat products.

Other food sources foraged for by the adult wasps include fruit (frugivorous) and honey (melliferous).

Larvae also feed the adult wasps. This reciprocation is one source of food seen as a critical reason wasps are loyal to the larvae or brood.

When wasps feed the larvae, the larvae reciprocate and feed the adults in a process called trophallaxis. The larvae produce a clear liquid believed to contain amino acids and sugars. The substance is a little like wasp caffeine because maturing nests where adults outnumber larvae, and thus a shortage occurs, seem more aggressive.

As nests mature, the wasps become less dependant on the nest as a source of nutrition. Drunk wasps, disoriented by overconsumption of alcohol-laden fruit juices, are common in late summer and early autumn.

Pollen and nectar are vital to adult wasps . Wasps feed on protein-rich pollen and nectar to maintain themselves. One place this is on display at its most impressive is on late-season Ivy blossom.

Pollen contains up to 61% protein, making it an excellent food source. Wasps also have specialised mouthparts to suck up nectar from suitable flowers and sweet liquids from other sources.

As the food sources begin to dwindle and the last of the larvae pupate to become males and queens, the nest finally becomes dormant and abandoned.

At the start of the year, a single queen would have started the nest with a single egg. The mature nest could have contained 3000 – 50000 wasps by mid-summer, collectively consuming over a million insects. As December weather forces queen wasps into hibernation, all other wasps die.

Wasps truly are a magnificent force of nature with a magnificent appetite to match.

We hope you enjoyed this article.

How Rats Enter Kitchens

Sat, 10 Dec 2022 09:00:00 GMT

How Rat Enter Kitchens

Why Are Rats In Your Kitchen?

Rats are in your kitchen for a reason – food! But sometimes, they come in to take a look.

Rats love to take food items and hide them away in a place of safety for another day. This behaviour makes these furry little thieves a big problem.

We had a greengrocer who had hundreds of nuts stolen, a couple almost divorced over missing brownies, and the list goes on and on!

Because rats spread disease easily, especially diseases like Salmonella , it’s vital to control rats swiftly.

To help you unravel the source of your rat invasion, we have listed the top ten ways rats get into a kitchen!

10 Ways Rats Get Into Your Kitchen

Open Doors and Windows

These only need to be open for a few minutes, and a single rat will quickly and expertly bypass you or others.

Holes in Floors and Walls

Gaps in the external walls are prevalent, especially where old pipes have been removed. This leaves behind unsealed holes open to the elements and rats.

Gaps Under Doors

A gap of just 10-15mm will be enough for smaller rats to squeeze through and underneath.

Faulty Drains or Uncapped Gullies and Soil Pipes

By far the most common point of entry. Your very first check should be a rat related drain inspection to establish if you have a direct entry point from the main sewer.

Groceries and Deliveries

Groceries and deliveries of boxes, crates and even hollow bed bases have all been implicated.

It doesn’t matter how rats get into the property because rats always end up in the kitchen.

Cat and Dog Flaps

Doors with entry points for cats and dogs must be secured.

So often is the case that new residents in a property fail to consider what might use these entry points should they be ignored!

Pet Cats and Dogs

Dogs and cats are natural hunters, quickly catching and dispatching rogue rodents in gardens and yards.

Cats will often bring mice and young rats into properties.

Injured rodents that survive will escape beneath kitchen units, where they can live for months before being re-captured or even sighted.

If it’s a rat – these can grow huge feeding on food left out on countertops.

Open Wall Cavities

Wall cavities give rodents the chance to move through a property and end up in unexpected places.

Sometimes the rodents come from neighbouring terraced or semi-detached houses.

What’s more usual is rats from damaged drains will use wall cavities as a means to get to the cosy loft insulation. Once in your attics, they will nest and multiply.

Extractor and Tumble Dryer Vents

Where the extractor hoses pass through walls and bridge wall cavities, rats can chew through these feeble plastic tubes.

Rodents become more of an issue when they intercept the conduit as it passes through a loft or floor cavity!

Damaged Air Vents

Air vents in the external walls of the property are easily damaged intentionally by lazy cable installers or by accident and natural decay.

The brick, concrete and stone variety are usually no problem.

The troublesome vents are those made of cast iron or plastic. Both will become brittle over time, so they get damaged easily.

Rats don’t have parachutes, so the problem will always originate from your perimeter. Good luck and happy hunting!

Pests & Disease Risk

Sat, 10 Dec 2022 07:31:00 GMT

Pests & Disease In Your Home

What Pests, Carry & Spread Disease?

Pests associated with the transmission of diseases to humans include rodents, insects , and birds. Our Bristol rat control services are designed to quickly eliminate disease risks through permanent control and exclusion.

Some pests are more critical than others concerning disease. For this reason, we shall quickly separate pests into three groups:

Sometimes an overlap occurs, but for simplicity, we must focus on those we know are injurious to human health.

Pests we know to be injurious to human health may bite and sting but won’t always carry disease. More concerning is a pest’s capacity to transmit disease-causing germs!

Pests most likely to spread disease (also called vectors) include pests feeding on or having exposure to:

How Do Pests Transmit Disease?

Pests pick up harmful microorganisms on their bodies and inside their bodies as they feed and forage. When these pests enter our homes, they inevitably deposit pathogens.

Pathogens are “disease-causing” germs that include bacteria and viruses. Pests often deposit these on surfaces and unprotected foods.

Insects that bite, like mosquitoes, fleas and bed bugs , sometimes cause severe reactions in the skin. Insect bites also contaminate the blood and body, turning the human host into a carrier or reservoir of disease.

Eliminate cross-contamination from pests by completing pest exclusion, control, monitoring, housekeeping and maintenance.

Is Pest Borne Disease Common?

Although your chances of severe infection are minimal, people die from exposure to pest-borne diseases in the UK every year.

The likelihood of disease transmission increases with exposure to a specific microorganism, route of infection and the health and disease resistance of the individual in question.

Who Is Most At Risk From Disease?

Immunosuppressed people are likely to suffer the catastrophic consequences of the disease. These people are termed “susceptible hosts” susceptible because they are:

How do people become Infected?

We describe how people become infected as “Mode of transmission”. I’m sure you think this is common sense, and it is, but let’s delve deeper and glance at the types of transmission.

Contact transmission is the most common form of transmission, divided into four categories.

Direct contact – this might be where you touch a pool of rat urine.

Indirect contact – this might be where you touch a pen (or another object) that became contaminated with rat urine on it.

Droplet transmission – Not relevant to pests, but refers to respiratory secretions coughed or sneezed into the air near you.

Airborne transmission – As rodent, bird and insect faeces begin to dry, they break down into particles that easily become airborne. These particles contain viruses, bacteria, and fungi that can cause respiratory and systemic disease.

Should You Worry About Pest Diseases?

Yes and No!

Let’s make things simple! A hazard (e.g., bacteria) is something that can do you harm, and the risk is the likelihood the hazard (e.g., bacteria) will do you harm. So this all comes down to exposure.

The greater the exposure, the greater the likelihood of significant illness.

As an example, lots of rats mean lots of urine, lots of faeces and lots of damage to wiring, plastic pipes, etc.

What Is An Infective Dose?

The infective dose of any microorganism, like bacteria and viruses, is vital to consider. The infective dose of any microorganism is simply an estimate of how many microbes of a given species it takes to make you sick.

Imagine a virus so small it can infect bacteria! Exposure to just a few of these will support the development (incubation) of the illness it manifests.

In the case of bacteria , an infective dose will require the ingestion of hundreds of bacteria to cause sickness.

The more exposure you have to a disease-causing microorganism or pathogen, the more likely you will get sick.

Prevention is always better than a cure. Get rid of the hazard, and the risk no longer exists – simple!

Protect Yourself From Disease

Protection of your immediate environment (occupied or living spaces) is paramount.

Simple Steps To Protect Yourself

Prioritise professional help and guidance

If you are struggling with a low budget, you should still get a professional inspection. Select pest professionals prepared to offer advice for DIY control based on their findings.

Damage and contamination are cumulative. Avoiding this step could mean you waste time and money doing things the wrong way.

Discover the source or sources of infestation

Once you identify the source of an infestation, you better understand what you’re up against. Every pest has a source of infestation, and finding it will be a game-changer for you.

Elimination is rarely possible without knowing where the pests have originated.

Implement control and elimination

Sometimes achieving control and elimination is simple! Filling a suspect hole on the outside of your home is a common example of controlling mice.

The faster extermination occurs, the sooner you are out of any potential danger from ongoing microbial re-contamination.

Protect all Food products from exposure

Consider storing food products in robust storage boxes. Most food packaging offers little defence against pest infestation, especially from rodents. Discard all contaminated items.

Disinfect all food preparation surfaces

Antibacterial wipes can be a cheap and effective means of eliminating pathogenic microbes from food prep surfaces. You can never be too clean!

Outside the box thinking always helps. Consider protecting other essential items and surfaces like toothbrushes, tabletops, and cooking utensils.

Wash all exposed crockery and cutlery

Rodents routinely contaminate crockery stored on low-level shelving with rodent urine and faeces. If rodents can access kitchen cabinets, consider extra precautions for their use.

Avoid Wasp & Bee Stings: Expert Tips for Safety in the UK

Sat, 10 Dec 2022 06:43:00 GMT

Tips To Avoid Getting Stung

Control Wasps , Bees & Hornets, and avoid being stung.

Need Help? Check out our Bristol wasp control services

How To Avoid Wasp and Bee Stings

Clothing That Repels Insects

Wear light, understated or dark clothing, and avoid bright orange, red or yellow.

Stinging insects love bright colours, but flies love dark and white!

So, in theory, you are less likely to get stung but more likely to get bitten by a biting fly like the horse fly!

What Scents & Smells Should You Avoid

Avoid wearing strong smelling perfumes and deodorants.

Many of the scents we buy in the shops contain chemicals that can disturb or confuse the chemical signals most insects use to communicate.

People wearing excessive amounts of these products could find they suddenly attract a passing wasp or bee, rather than attracting a date!

Is Personal Hygiene Important?

Personal hygiene is essential as strong body odours are known to aggravate bees .

Many of the foods we eat contain compounds that alter how we smell, and garlic is one example.

The natural pheromones we produce also have the potential to aggravate or even attract insects.

Cover-Up Exposed Skin

Staying well covered with long skirts, trousers, long sleeve tops will reduce the area of your body that insects like bees can sting. The head is usually the most vulnerable part of the body, so hats of any kind are useful.

Discourage Garden Insects

Avoid flowering plants and shrubs from the laurel family. Trees like willow, Birch and Sycamore also produce substances that attract bees and wasps .

Reduce Insects Proactively

Check for new nests in lofts, outbuildings, and activity around tree roots and hedge boundaries between April and May.

Late spring is the perfect time to find new wasp and bee nests before they get big enough to be a threat to your safety.

House Keeping & Insects

Keep areas clean by applying proper housekeeping procedures to remove residues that might encourage wasps and hornets. Spilt beer, sugary foods and fermenting products will all attract stinging pests.

Avoid Stings By Remaining Calm

Insects foraging early in the year are seeking protein-rich foods. You can avoid getting stung just by staying still.

Later in the year, they are looking for sweet foods that are often harder to come by in mid-summer. Higher temperatures increase activity and worsen temperament, so you are far more likely to get stung.

Insect repellents may help you avoid stings and stay safer at this time of year. Alternative sources of sweet foods such as wasp traps are also useful.

How Do You Escape From Wasps & Bees?

If several stinging insects attack you at the same time, run to get away from them.

Insects have compound eyes capable of tracking movement, so if you run, make sure it is in a straight line. Running in a straight line reduces your movement signature and rapidly increases distance.

Running in a zig-zag makes you easier to spot and catch. Remember that wasps may pursue you for 150 yards.

Once stung, you are biologically marked with a pheromone that identifies you as a threat. move away fast, change clothing and wash sting sites with soap and water to remove traces of pheromone or venom.

Venom extractors can also be highly effective at reducing swelling immediately after a sting.

Insect Stings & Road Accidents

Stinging insects entering vehicles in the summer or getting into motorcycle helmets has been implicated in many unexplained accidents.

People with allergies or phobias are doubtful to react to this kind of unexpected threat logically and calmly.

As our fight or flight mechanism is activated, attention is drawn away from the road, placing our safety in danger.

Many products on the market deal with this, including air conditioning that removes the temptation to open windows or sunroofs.

Why Do People React To Stings Differently?

For thousands of years, humans and animals alike have developed ways to avoid and manage wasp and bee stings.

The truth is that every wasp or bee sting will be delivered in a different place at a different concentration, etc.

That means the way we react to each new sting may vary, and we should be mindful of this.

ALWAYS CONSIDER SEEKING QUALIFIED MEDICAL ADVICE IF YOU ARE BITTEN OR STUNG.

What Is The Best Sting Cure?

The best sting cure we found to manage bee stings, and wasp stings is a venom extractor. These must be used immediately after being stung.

Swelling often subsides within a few minutes, but the ache remains for far longer because pain receptors have been stimulated.

Other traditional remedies include devices to alleviate the symptoms following an insect sting. Bite and sting relief sprays and creams, together with devices that combat itching stings and bites, are useful.

Everyone reacts differently to stings and bites. People will also react differently to bite and sting cures – both natural and pharmaceutical.

For those who don’t like using pills and potions, we recommend Cooling Gels. These products rapidly cool aggravated, angry skin reactions. So long as the skin is not broken, these should be good to use.

Alternatively, use a portable ice pack. One customer improvised and used the side of a refrigerated drinks can! Keep it cool is always good advice.

The Best Natural Sting Cure Remedies

Nature has created oils like Lavender oil which is popular among beekeepers, for sting relief. Other natural remedies reported to help alleviate the discomfort include Clove oil, Hemp oil and Tiger Balm.

Another feature of bites and stings that people commonly overlook is the risk of infection. Tea Tree oil is excellent; we use it!

Overall we still feel that the venom extractors are the very best products we have tried. We carry these with us every day and use them on ourselves, our kids, customers and even a few strangers!

Creams, sprays and other products also work to a degree. We find natural remedies are best, used in conjunction with venom extractors; that’s our experience!

Cat Fleas on Humans

Sat, 10 Dec 2022 04:44:00 GMT

Cat Fleas On Humans & Pets

Book Your Flea Treatment – 01173699909

What Are Cat Fleas?

A Cats Fleas are distinctive from other insects in many key ways.

In terms of size, they are about 1.5 – 2mm long with backwards-facing hairs that allow them to move swiftly through the victims (hosts) hair, where they feed on the hosts’ blood.

Cat fleas on humans appear as small, flattened insects that are a few millimetres long. Fleas appear brown, especially once fed when they become a richer mahogany shade.

The other significant features are the incredible jumping range and a distinctive dark brown to the black eye on the head.

In the picture above, the powerful rear legs are clearly visible. Claws on the ends of the legs grasp the hosts’ flesh, ensuring they have a firm purchase while feeding.

Cat Flea Bites On Humans

Cat fleas ( Ctenocephalides felis ) are the most abundant species of flea in the UK, and this fleas bite is the very least of your worries.

Fleas might feed on your blood, but the reaction some of us have to substances in the flea’s saliva often cause us to scratch.

Scratching the bite site breaks the skin and causes it to scab over. Infected skin lesions often form, and permanent scarring is a direct consequence.

Flea Parasites

So far, this makes sense, and we understand now that cat fleas ON humans are bad news – but what happens if you swallow a flea?

Probably nothing – but suppose you are a child and your digestive system is not so robust as a healthy adult – guess what’s coming in with the infected flea?

You likely thought disease, but it’s the developing stages of an 18inch long tapeworm called a cucumber worm ( Dipylidium caninum ) . Freaked out yet, you should be.

Cat fleas have some fantastic traits, but they always come with a warning.

It’s often the children or other vulnerable people in your home that are at the greatest risk from flea-borne parasitic, viral and bacterial infection.

Infection is not common but becomes more likely in premises where fleas are only partially controlled, if at all.

Partial flea control is a common problem, and the costs of doing a little every so often, very often, massively surpass the costs of a professional treatment.

Pest Control Treatments For Cat Fleas

Large Cat Flea infestations quickly develop while your home is empty.

Every summer, we attend properties infested with fleas. Homeowners typically return home after a trip away and become covered in pepper! No – not pepper – it’s hundreds of fleas emerging from the floors, etc., simultaneously.

The flea has an astonishing ability to jump 100 times its own height. This helps it easily jump onto a passing host (you or your pet cat).

What’s interesting is they only jump when it’s light.

Freshly hatched fleas quickly crawl up your ankles, legs and get under your clothing to feed.

Fleas can infest your car. Being in a confined space with fleas is bad news. People wake the next day to find dozens of flea bites on their legs. You can’t see the fleas feeding on you when you are driving!

Can Pest Control Treatments Be Used?

You can waste hundreds of pounds on ineffective amateur treatments, or you can let experts do it correctly ONCE!

Flea Fumigation

Fumigation or ULV treatment offers a very quick knock-down of adult fleas but provides virtually no residual control, so you pay to “control fleas at the moment” and nothing more.

This is because it does little to disrupt the fleas life cycle.

What is good is that it penetrates most of the nooks and crannies that are commonly found in homes and will get into all the hard to reach areas in cluttered rooms.

Flea Control Sprays

Residual spray – this kills some fleas quickly but can’t be used on delicate materials, especially those that will be damaged by water.

The spray should contain a residual insecticide that will provide killing power for months and should also include an IGR (Insect Growth Regulator) to break the flea life-cycle.

In short – if you use one method, it is a toss-up between temporary relief or prolonged suffering for about four weeks.

But if you want it sorted fast, then you need to employ the combined power of both.

The products you can buy in the shops can have some effect but, in general, are a sorry match for large infestations that are only quickly taken care of by integrated methods that include both fumigation and residual sprays.

Common Sources of Fleas: One of the big questions our customers often ask about fleas affecting their homes or offices is very simply, “Where do fleas come from”?

For the answer, you need to engage in a small amount of detective work.

It would help if you thought about when you first started experiencing the symptoms of bites, such as raised itchy patches on the skin or others in the same area reported seeing them or getting bitten by them.

Once you have a little bit of a timeline, you need to ask some of these questions and, of course, give honest answers.

Where did fleas or bites first appear?

The legs and lower arms are common places, especially where the skin is delicate with a good vascular supply close to the surface.

The neck is also a familiar spot to get bitten.

Clothing is an excellent insulator and also provides fleas with a level of concealment.

Where was I when I noticed them?

What had you been doing that day? Had you had any visitors or had anyone else in that location?

Had you been into a property or area where animals were or had been present? Were you in a property where an animal had been kept up to eighteen months before?

You should ask questions like, “has my neighbours cat entered my car while windows were open or the roof was down”?

What time of day did you notice them?

Was the weather hot or cold – was it day or night?

Like all insects, fleas like warmth. If you are the warmest thing in a cold room, your heat signature will get them interested.

If the room is warm or, an area is exposed to sunlight through glass. Then it speeds up the development time it takes for flea larvae to reach maturity or developing adults in pupae to mature.

Have Your pets received flea treatments?

Cats and dogs are the most common sources of fleas. You also find that rabbits and other animals that frequent your garden will also leave these little critters behind.

It’s not uncommon for fleas to be present in one corner of the garden. Badgers, hedgehogs and foxes regularly visit gardens.

Children usually get bitten first as their skin is delicate and untainted with strong perfumes or aftershaves.

Pets that come into your homes and offices are also commonly responsible for infestations.

If you have a cat flap installed without a magnetic or infrared lock, it must be sealed. It is ubiquitous for non-resident cats to come into the property and nap on the sofas, etc.

Fleas are usually present two to three weeks after the initial infestation. Sometimes quicker if large numbers of adults were present on the contaminating host.

The only good news is that those fleas you eventually see cannot breed without a blood meal from the respective biological host.

This means that if a cat flea bites you, it cannot breed but can, of course, survive.

Insect Stings - First Aid & Treatment - Bristol, UK

Sat, 10 Dec 2022 00:07:00 GMT

Insect Stings - First Aid & Treatment

Getting stung by wasps is an occupational hazard of being a pest controller, but even pest controllers become sensitised to wasp stings and have to retire!

Our Bristol wasp control service should always be a first port of call if you or a family member has a sting allergy. Always remove the hazard before it claims a casualty.

Your aim with a casualty suffering from an insect sting is to reduce as far as possible any swelling or discomfort. Any Insect sting treatment should first consider the safety of yourself, the casualty and others.

If the casualty shows any of the following signs or symptoms, you need to call “ 999 ” immediately for help and advice!

First Aid For Mild Insect Sting Reactions.

Signs and symptoms of a mild allergic reaction to insect stings

What to do next?

Make yourself safe, with a physical barrier or good distance between you and any stinging insects.

Honey bees use their sting as a defence, whereas wasps use their sting as a means of defence and subduing insect prey.

Honey bee stingers have barbs to ensure it remains lodged in the threat. Wasps do not have barbed stingers, so they can use theirs multiple times!

Insect Sting Symptoms - What Happens When You Are Stung?

Being stung is an experience some people are indifferent to; for others, the experience can be terrifying. We see people who have been attacked and stung by wasps and bees every year.

First, you feel a very sharp, searing or burning pain, then a throbbing discomfort that can last for days.

The area affected will often present with a white swollen centre that can sometimes blister and weep surrounded by a red ring.

This blister can become infected over time and even scar.

How Do You Remove A Bee Sting?

The bee sting needs to be removed as soon as possible to reduce the continued flow of venom from the venom sack attached to the sting.

To remove the sting, take a fingernail, credit card or blade and scrape the sting off.

Avoid using tweezers as you may compress the venom sack and inject more venom into the sting site.

Once the sting is removed, wash the injury site with soap and water, elevate it where possible and apply a cold compress a bag of frozen peas or similar wrapped in cloth should be fine.

A venom extractor is often very effective in limiting any blistering or prolonged swelling but is unlikely to reduce the pain experienced significantly.

Should I Get Qualified Medical Help?

Maybe – “If In Doubt Shout”! Never be afraid to call 999 or 112 (both work the same) if you have a genuine concern.

First Aid For a Severe Insect Sting Reaction

Signs & Symptoms Of Severe Allergic Insect Sting Reactions

Emergency Actions To Take Next:

Contact NHS Direct , your GP or visit your local walk-in centre.

If symptoms persist for more than 24 hours or you feel they are getting worse. Remember, some people have delayed

reactions that might include fever, swollen glands, and joint pain

Oral and or topical cream and spray based antihistamines may help, and always read the label.

First Aid & Treatment Advice On Stings

Insect stings in the UK are common thanks to a healthy number of insect species, all with the ability to sting, like Wasps, Bees, Ants and Hornets .

This means that they inject venom into you via a stinger which is a modified egg-laying (ovipositor) tube, through the skin directly into your soft tissues and bloodstream.

Venom attacks the body in different ways depending on its composition.

The danger with venom is that everyone reacts to wasps stings and bee stings differently.

Most people experience localised pain and swelling, so they remain unaware of how dangerous stings can be.

Anaphylactic Shock From Wasps & Bees

In some people, a single sting could cause a life-threatening, systemic reaction called Anaphylactic Shock . Complications can quickly escalate, causing death in under four minutes.

Of course, we have medication that can help, but paramedics are not always just around the corner.

Mobile phones don’t always work when we are out in the countryside, so it pays to understand a little first aid.

What Insects Sting You?

The Main culprits are wasps and bees , but it must be stressed, hymenopteran insects will generally only use their stinger in defence or the acquisition of prey.

When you encounter these insects, remember they are sensitive to movement, meaning the slower you move and the quieter you are, the less likely you are to get stung.

If you have the chance to escape, ensure you run in a straight line to increase your distance as fast as possible.

Insect Sting Home Remedies

It's important to note that home remedies for insect stings may not always be effective, and in some cases, they may even make the situation worse. If you experience a severe allergic reaction or have any concerns about an insect sting, it's best to seek medical attention immediately. However, here are some general home remedies that may help relieve the discomfort of insect stings:

Ice: Applying a cold compress or ice pack to the affected area can help reduce swelling and numb the pain.
Baking soda: Mixing baking soda with water to create a paste and applying it to the sting can help neutralise the venom and reduce itching.
Vinegar: Dabbing vinegar on the sting can help neutralise the venom and relieve itching.
Honey: Applying honey to the sting can help reduce inflammation and prevent infection.
Aloe vera: Applying aloe vera gel to the sting can help reduce swelling and relieve pain.
Tea tree oil: Applying a small amount of diluted tea tree oil to the sting can help reduce swelling and prevent infection.
Oatmeal: Taking an oatmeal bath or applying an oatmeal paste to the sting can help relieve itching and reduce inflammation.

It's important to note that these home remedies should not be used as a substitute for professional medical treatment if you experience a severe allergic reaction to an insect sting.

Limitations of the above advice.

Notice: We are not medical professionals, nor does the material on this page seek to supersede or subordinate qualified medical advice to the contrary.

We only seek to raise awareness of possible treatment pathways that might lead to the recovery and safety of a potential casualty.

If any information within this page requires revision to better reflect existing medical best practice.

We are always open to making necessary alterations and greatly appreciate any advice medical professionals may consider prudent to share with us and our audience.

Spider Bites UK

Mon, 28 Nov 2022 07:25:00 GMT

Spider Bites UK

Dangerous Spiders In The UK

Bites leave behind bilateral puncture marks and the victim may show signs and symptoms that include swelling, redness, infection, nausea, sweating and dizziness.

We could spin you a narrative that reflects many peoples’ opinions on the web, that these spiders pose zero danger to you and that they don’t bite.

Unfortunately, the body of research available on these spiders clearly demonstrates that spider bites in the UK do occur and with mild to severe symptoms.

However, we’ve seen no evidence of spiders in the UK causing deaths, but you might know something we don’t? Let us know.

The Most Common Biting Spiders In The UK

The fauna and flora of the British Isles contain countless examples of animals and plants that would have been considered invasive species at some point in their history.

Safely collecting a spider for ID after it has just bitten you will undoubtedly be challenging. From experience, we know that most arachnids get squashed beyond recognition within seconds of biting.

Early and appropriate first aid for spider bites is vital, especially for people with a known allergy or anaphylactic susceptibility to bites from spiders.

Tube Web Spiders ( Segestria florentina )

Segestria florentina was first described by the Italian scientist Pietro Rossi in 1790. Pietro was born in Florence in 1738 and went on to become the world first professor of entomology in 1801.

Three well-known species of tube web spider live in the UK, and Segestria florentina is among them. This spider is powerful, robust and looks quite menacing.

During the day, you rarely see these spiders because they are predominantly nocturnal. At night you can use a torch to look at tubes of web around doorframes, window frames, ventilation bricks, etc.

These spiders are very efficient hunters, so although scary to look at, they make lovely house guests if you have pests of other kinds wandering through, under or within your house.

How Dangerous Are UK Tube Web Spiders?

Segestria florenitina has poor vision, so relies on vibrations and acoustic signals to identify when prey is touching one of the tubes trigger hairs.

Because the spider has poor vision it can’t tell the difference between a threat and a meal, so anyone disturbing this species is likely to get bitten.

Bites are painful but not severe. However, some reports suggest that blistering may occur with numbness and moderate to severe swelling.

One confirmed bite that we witnessed resulted in nothing more than a painful but intensely itchy bite site, so as with all bites and stings, it depends on how susceptible the victim is to the venom.

Noble False Widow Spider ( Steatoda nobilis )

How Dangerous Are False Widow Spiders

It won’t take long to find a self-certified spider guru telling you that spider bites in the UK are a myth, they don’t bite, won’t bite or reactions to bites get exaggerated.

Reactions to bites from this species are called steatodism. The very fact that their bites have a formal term tells you not to be complacent.

Treatments include analgesics to help with pain, antibiotics to tackle bacterial infection and antihistamines to subdue any allergic reaction.

Localised necrosis or tissue death is a rare side effect but common symptoms that include pain, itching, lethargy and inflammation could last several days.

Get Rid Of Biting Spiders

Spiders like all animals will attempt to defend themselves if disturbed, so leaving spiders to do their own thing makes perfect sense.

So we established that spiders love our homes and outbuildings, but how do we exclude or deter them? We start with their food and how these spiders get into your house.

Removing the insects’ the spiders prey on reduces the likelihood of excessive spider activity in your home. Woodlice , cluster flies , silverfish, ground beetles and carpet moths all make for a super spider sized snack.

Ventilation bricks should also be covered with mesh covers to prevent easy entry to the wall and floor cavities.

Doors should be fitted with draught excluder strip to prevent ingress under external facing doors.

Preventing Spider Bites

If you plan to empty rooms or storage areas where the spiders are present, wear gloves to protect your hands.

Thank you for reading our article – spider bites UK, the Noble false widow and Segestria florentina . We hope it was helpful.

What Is Ethical Pest Control? | Pale Horse

Tue, 22 Nov 2022 10:49:00 GMT

Ethical Pest Control

Is Pest Control Ethical?

Ethical pest control balances the need to control pests with the needs of the wider ecosystem.

Over many millennia, humans controlled the pests in properties, landscapes and gardens with natural products and techniques.

In today’s world, pest control practices have become very different, with a reliance on pesticides. This convenience over consequence makes today’s animal and plant pest control more insensitive to the environment than ever before.

So in an age of convenience, how do we control pests and protect the environment? The answer to this question revolves around two widely used words in the English language, organic and ethical.

Ethical Pest Control Vs IPM

I n philosophy, the term Ethical differentiates between what is right and wrong. The word organic expresses the quality of being free of artificial or chemical adulteration. Techniques aligned with environmental protection must sit at the heart of all pest control activities.

The concept of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) or Green Pest Control (GPC) practices look to address this issue. Still, they are often vague and indistinct in their appreciation of cost over benefit. In the same way, a farmer protecting his crops focuses on yield, a homeowner focuses on value, convenience and speed.

What both these scenarios might fail to address is why pests will be present in the first place. Asking a better question will get you to a better answer, but the off the shelf remedy, well branded and marketed, will be hard to ignore when convenience or profit are among your motivations.

Ethical Pest Control Questions

Without digging too deep into this topic, the questions on the lips of anyone wanting the smallest negative impact on the environment should include:

In answering these questions and many more like them, it is essential to ask what control methods might be available. Here are the options.

Chemical control is the worlds most lucrative method of controlling pests at scale. It’s fast, effective and offers big profits and significant savings in terms of time and cost. Pesticides are not always negative, they have their place in the bigger picture, but we must always consider alternatives first.

Biological control uses nature to tackle pest issues by employing natural, audio synthetic or genetically manipulated control methods. These are not always seen as ethical either!

Physical control or exclusion is the most ethical or organic because it should negate the need for chemicals or work in harmony with natural rhythms or biological control. However, this also includes traps and glue boards which may be indiscriminate and cruel.

We could go into the whole argument for and against genetic or synthetic manipulation of the ecosystem. Still, we need to stay focused on the root issue of what is ethical, organic or best for the environment. Clearly, whatever pest control methods are employed to eradicate pests, at some point in the process, something will perish, and there arises another question – “what is a humane death”. Looking deeper, we could also ask another question – “what animals or plants rely on the targeted species and could they die as a result?” The web of life is uniquely complex.

Ethical Pest Control & Invasive Species

In 2019, a UK Government invasive species report stated that “Around 40 invasive species such are expected to become established in the next 20 years in Great Britain”. Broadening the conversation on “what is ethical?” starts to become murkier when we include invasive species or mention biosecurity. The European Commission also has a list of these plants and animals .

The clash between what is natural and right becomes increasingly unpalatable for anyone hoping for pesticide-free solutions at a time when budgets are running on empty.

If we want to offer ethical pest control and support our environment, we must begin with a “first do no harm” and follow a “next, do the least harm” methodology. We must weigh up what we stand to lose over what we stand to gain. We must consider what it will cost now as well as many years in the future.

Nature conservation often looks at this with greater clarity because invasive species have caused extinctions of native species, especially on islands where the biological balance is often precarious.

Barriers To Ethical Pest Control

A person with an anaphylactic susceptibility to honey bee stings will consider a swarm of bees differently from a beekeeper. A chef with a rat in their kitchen will feel differently about rat control than someone who keeps them as pets. The diversity of human motivations behind controlling what is deemed a pest muddies the waters of ethics still further.

Education in ethical pest control needs to become better formulated and accessible to the general public. Perhaps regulation should clearly define the line between what a professional and amateur pesticide user is allowed to do and not just buy.

The UK pest control industry still has no overall robust licensing or accreditation requirements in the law. This means the barriers to entry and access to pesticides is set far too low.

Professionals are rightly held to a higher standard while amateurs have free rein to almost do as they like. Surely, this has to change?

Pest control techniques and options need to be published at the government level. Unbiased advice ensures impartiality in the quality and integrity of the advice offered. Could this be the biggest missed opportunity in pest control today? What difference would a project addressing this issue make to the environment?

The internet is awash with conflicting advice on pest control that makes chemical control all the more attractive in the heat of the moment. A better-informed public will surely reduce pesticide use and help protect the environment.

In conclusion, the concepts of ethical and organic pest control will remain in the purchaser’s hands. Decide what you want to achieve and discuss with one of our Bristol pest professionals what your options are, and don’t be afraid to ask searching questions.

Even if we discover that the solution is less ethical or organic than we hoped, the mere fact that we asked and searched for a better alternative sets a very positive precedent for others to follow.

How To Get Rid Of Rats In And Around Your Home

simonberenyi@gmail.com (Simon Berenyi) — Mon, 21 Nov 2022 02:48:15 GMT

How To Get Rid Of Rats In And Around Your Home

Rat Control Check List

Rat Control Checklist: How to Get Rats Out of Your Bristol Home

Rats in your home can cause damage, spread disease, and create stress. At Pale Horse Pest Control, we’re committed to helping homeowners in Bristol tackle rat infestations effectively.

Rats are natural foragers with a varied, omnivorous diet, meaning they never need an invitation to invade your space. To manage them effectively, it’s important to consider their dietary needs when exploring control options.

Use this actionable checklist to identify, address, and prevent rat problems in your home.

Step 1: Identify Signs of a Rat Infestation

Before taking action, confirm you have a rat problem. Check for these signs:

Droppings: Small, dark, pellet-shaped droppings in cupboards, along walls, or near food sources.
Gnaw Marks: Chewed wires, wood, or plastic, often with bite marks about 2mm wide.
Scratching Noises: Scurrying or scratching sounds in walls, ceilings, or under floorboards, especially at night.
Nests: Shredded paper, fabric, or insulation in hidden areas like lofts or behind appliances.
Grease Marks: Smudges along walls or baseboards from rats’ oily fur.

Step 2: Assess the Severity and Ask the Right Questions

Determine how serious the problem is to decide your next steps. Rats are not small creatures, and their presence raises important questions that Bristol homeowners are increasingly asking:

Where did the rats actually come from? Understanding their entry points is key to effective control.
Will poisoned rats stink up my home? Dead rats in walls or hidden spaces can cause unpleasant odours.
What ethical or non-poison methods are available? Safer, eco-friendly options are gaining popularity.

Assess the infestation level:

Occasional Signs: A few droppings or noises may indicate a single rat or early infestation.
Frequent Signs: Multiple droppings, nests, or daily noises suggest a larger infestation.
Daytime Activity: Seeing rats during the day often means a significant problem, as rats are typically nocturnal.

Step 3: Take Immediate Action

While traps and bait have been traditional remedies for rat control, these methods are falling out of favour as homeowners seek smarter, safer solutions. Start with these DIY steps:

Remove Food Sources: Store food in sealed containers, clean up crumbs, and secure rubbish bins with tight lids to disrupt rats’ omnivorous diet.

Use Traps: Place snap traps or live traps in areas with high rat activity, like along walls or near droppings. Use bait like peanut butter or chocolate.

Avoid Poison: Poison can lead to dead rats decomposing in hard-to-reach areas, causing odours and attracting other pests. Use only with professional guidance.

Step 4: Prioritise Exclusion

The very best method of rat control is exclusion. If rats can’t enter your home, they can’t thrive or breed. Here’s how to block their access:

Inspect Your Home: Check for gaps larger than 1cm in walls, doors, windows, vents, or pipes.
Check the Drains: At least 80% of rats enter buildings through faulty drainage. A drain survey, which typically costs £200-£400, can identify issues. Note that many insurance companies may not cover drain repairs, but may cover related pest control costs.
Seal Gaps: Use steel wool, caulk, or metal mesh to close holes. Rats can squeeze through tiny spaces, so be thorough.
Trim Vegetation: Cut back branches or shrubs near your home to reduce rat pathways.

Step 5: Maintain Prevention

Keep rats out for good with ongoing efforts:

Regular Cleaning: Keep your home free of clutter and food debris to make it less attractive to rats.
Monitor for Signs: Check weekly for new droppings, noises, or damage to catch issues early.
Secure Outdoor Areas: Ensure sheds, garages, and compost bins are rat-proof.

Step 6: Know When to Call Pale Horse Pest Control

If your efforts don’t resolve the issue or the infestation is severe, professional help is essential. Pale Horse Pest Control offers:

Expert Inspections: Thorough assessments to locate nests, entry points, and drainage issues.

Safe Treatments: Eco-friendly, non-poison methods to eliminate rats without harming your family or pets.

Long-Term Solutions: Customised exclusion plans to prevent future infestations.

Take Control of Your Home Today

Rats don’t need an invitation to invade your Bristol home, but you can take charge with this checklist. By understanding their behaviour and focusing on exclusion, you can keep your property safe.

For expert assistance, Pale Horse Pest Control is here to provide fast, reliable, and environmentally responsible solutions.

Pale Horse Pest Control

Cholera in the UK and Bristol

Cholera in the UK and Bristol

History, Current Status, and the Role of Rat Control in Disease Prevention

History of Cholera in the UK and Bristol

Current Status of Cholera in the UK

Aspect - Details - Current Prevalence

Risk Groups

Health and Safety Executive (HSE) Guidance

Role of Rat Control in Disease Prevention

Five Practical Steps to Reduce Rodent-Borne Infections

Seeking Help for Suspected Infections

Leptospirosis & Weil's Disease

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Leptospirosis: Understanding the Disease, Prevention, and Rat Control in Bristol

What is Leptospirosis?

Symptoms

Treatment

Transmission of Leptospirosis

Health and Safety Executive (HSE) Guidance

Role of Pale Horse Pest Control in Bristol

Five Practical Steps to Reduce Infection Risk

Seeking Help for Suspected Infection

Summary

The History, Types, and Failures of Clay Pipes in the UK: Understanding Rat Infestations

Clay Pipes In The UK and Bristol

Discover why clay pipes fail and allow rats into your home

History of Clay Pipes in the UK

Types of Clay Drainage Pipes

Vitrified Clay Pipes (VCP)

Perforated Clay Pipes

Channel Pipes

Fluted Clay Pipes

Vitrified Clay Pipes (VCP):

Perforated Clay Pipes:

Channel Pipes:

Fluted Clay Pipes:

Vitrified Clay Pipes vs. Salt Glaze Pipes: Advantages and Disadvantages

How Clay Pipes Fail

Rat Infestations Through Failed Clay Pipes

Preventing and Addressing Rat Infestations

Hantavirus in UK Rats & Mice | Pale Horse Pest Control

Hantavirus in UK Rats and Mice

Hantavirus: Prevalence, Transmission, Risks, and Pest Control

Prevalence of Hantavirus in UK Rodents

Transmission of Hantavirus

Risks to Humans and Pets

Importance of Pest Control

Mitigating Risks in Homes

Summary

Stop Rats Nesting in Your Bristol Garden This Spring | Pale Horse

How to Stop Rats Nesting in Your Garden in Bristol This Spring

Rats In Your Garden

Why Rats Target Bristol Gardens

Preventing Rats Under Decking

Securing Food Sources

Managing Water Sources

General Garden Maintenance

When to Call Pale Horse Pest Control

Quick Re-Cap: Preventing rats from nesting in your Bristol garden is achievable. Seal decking, secure food, manage water, and maintain your garden. These steps make your outdoor space less appealing to rats. Hot weather and dry spells require extra vigilance.

Safely Manage Bumble Bee Nests in Bristol & Bath | Pale Horse

Safely Manage Bumble Bee Nests in Bristol & Bath

﻿ The Bumble Bee Guide For Homes and Businesses In Bristol & Bath

Why Bumble Bees Nest in Gardens

Identifying Bumble Bee Nests

Safety Considerations

Safe Management Tips

Managing Tree Bumblebee Nests

When Lethal Control Might Be Considered

Bristol and Bath: A Haven for Bumble Bees

When to Call Pale Horse Pest Control

Bumblebee Summary

Bristol Wasp Control & Wasps Nest Removal

Bristol Wasp Control Facts

Bristol Wasp Control and Wasp Nest Removal

Book Now – 0117 369 9909

Bristol Wasp Control

Bristol Wasp Control – 0117 369 9909

Why Are Wasps Dangerous?

Definition

The Bumble Bee Guide For Homes and Businesses In Bristol & Bath